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Religion Unit 2 Test


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[Front]


St. Thomas Aquinas’ 5 Proofs for God’s existence:
[Back]


Argument from Motion Argument from Efficient Cause Argument from Necessary Being Argument from Gradation Argument from Design

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St. Thomas Aquinas’ 5 Proofs for God’s existence:
Argument from Motion Argument from Efficient Cause Argument from Necessary Being Argument from Gradation Argument from Design
Motion:
God is the Prime Mover, initiating all motion in the universe.
Efficient Cause:
God is the ultimate cause behind all existence.
Necessary Being:
God is the necessary foundation for all contingent beings.
Gradation:
Degree of Perfection: There is a gradation of goodness or perfection in the world. Reference to a Standard: To judge something as more or less perfect, there must be an ultimate standard of perfection. Ultimate Perfect Being: This ultimate standard is what we call God, who is the most perfect and possesses all perfections to an infinite degree.
Design:
God is the Grand Designer evident in the order and purpose of the universe.
What is a miracle?
A miracle is a supernatural event defying natural laws, often seen as divine intervention.
How can a miracle be used as evidence for God’s existence?
Miracles serve as evidence for God's existence by showcasing divine intervention beyond natural explanations, emphasizing a higher, supernatural power.
What does Incarnation mean?
Incarnation signifies God taking human form in Jesus Christ.
The Incarnation: Review the Prologue of John’s Gospel 1:1-14:
The prologue highlights Jesus as the Word becoming flesh, emphasizing His divine nature.
What did T.S. Eliot mean by "the intersection of the timeless with time?"
Eliot suggested the Incarnation as a unique event where the eternal intersects with the temporal, emphasizing the divine entering human history.
Which major prophet prophesied the coming of the Messiah and called Him, Emmanuel?
Prophet Isaiah prophesied the Messiah's coming and called Him Emmanuel.
Which holiday celebrates the Incarnation of God the Son?
Christmas celebrates the Incarnation of God the Son.
What is the Hypostatic Union?
The Hypostatic Union is the concept of Jesus embodying both divine and human natures perfectly.
What is evil?
Evil is the absence or corruption of goodness, a departure from the ideal.
What is moral evil?
Moral evil involves intentional harm through choices like murder or theft.
What is natural evil?
Natural evil is suffering caused by natural forces, such as earthquakes or diseases.
Why does God allow suffering to happen?
God allows suffering due to factors like free will, discipline, and punishment.
Which sin can be considered the root of all evil?
The sin of pride is often seen as the root of all evil.
Is evil/sin actually a thing or an absence?
Evil is considered an absence or corruption of good rather than a tangible entity.
How does the imagery of archery explain sin/evil?
Sin is like "missing the mark" in archery, symbolizing a deviation from the moral standard.
What is the Good?
The Good represents moral perfection and adherence to virtues.
Are there degrees of evil?
Yes, with some sins considered more severe than others.
What is a venial sin?
A venial sin is a less serious offense not severing one's relationship with God.
What is a mortal sin?
A mortal sin is a grave offense severing one's relationship with God if committed with intent.
What 3 conditions are necessary for a sin to be mortal?
Full knowledge, deliberate intent, and grave matter are necessary for a sin to be mortal.
What does 1 John 5:16-17 say about sin?
It distinguishes mortal and venial sins, indicating some sins leading to death while others do not.
Are humans born evil?
No, humans possess free will, capable of both good and evil.
What is Original Sin?
Original Sin is the inherited sinful nature from Adam and Eve.
What is the Primordial Sin?
The Primordial Sin is Adam and Eve's original disobedience in the Garden of Eden that's passed downward to us after birth
What does the Tree in the Garden of Eden represent?
The Tree symbolizes the choice between obedience and disobedience.
What does the serpent represent?
The serpent represents the tempter or Satan who deceived Adam and Eve.
Explain physical death:
Physical death is the separation of the soul from the body.
Explain God’s Judgement:
God's Judgment evaluates lives for determining eternal destiny.
What are the 2 Judgements, and what’s the difference?
Particular Judgment occurs at death, Final Judgment occurs later, determining eternal fate.
What is Heaven, and what is its purpose?
Heaven is eternal union with God, fulfilling human happiness in divine love.
How does the Parable of Lazarus and the Rich Man provide insight into the afterlife?
It illustrates life choices' consequences, emphasizing compassion and justice.
Explain the Resurrection of the Dead:
The Resurrection reunifies body and soul, leading to eternal life.
Who will be resurrected?
All individuals will be resurrected.
What will occur at the Resurrection?
The righteous gain eternal life, the unrighteous face judgment.
Why should we show respect for the dead and burial places?
Respecting the dead honors human dignity and belief in resurrection.
What will be different about us at the Resurrection?
Transformed and glorified bodies free from imperfections.
What is Purgatory, and what is its purpose?
Purgatory purifies souls for heaven, addressing venial sins and temporal punishments.
What happens in Purgatory?
Souls undergo purification for cleansing.
How is Purgatory like an antechamber?
Purgatory prepares souls for the fullness of God's presence in heaven.
Who goes to Purgatory?
Those with temporal punishment due for sins go to Purgatory.
What Two Pains exist there?
Pain of loss and pain of sense exist in Purgatory.
What is Temporal Punishment?
Temporal punishment purifies the soul in Purgatory.
How can the temporal punishment in Purgatory be reduced or removed?
Temporal punishment can be reduced through prayers, Mass intentions, and indulgences.
What is a Plenary Indulgence?
A Plenary Indulgence removes all temporal punishment.
What is a Partial Indulgence?
A Partial Indulgence reduces some temporal punishment.
What is Mortification?
Mortification involves self-discipline or penance to overcome sinful tendencies.
What is Hell, and what is its purpose?
Hell is eternal separation from God, a consequence for unrepented mortal sin.
What Two Pains exist there, and how are they different from Purgatory?
Pain of loss and pain of sense exist in Hell, with eternal separation from God.
Who goes to Hell and why?
Those who die in unrepented mortal sin go to Hell.
How does Hell not contradict a merciful and just God?
Hell results from free choices to reject God's mercy and justice.
What did St. Faustina reveal about Hell?
St. Faustina revealed visions of Hell as a place of intense suffering and separation from God. (Chatgpt more details)
What is Heaven, and what is its purpose?
Heaven is eternal communion with God, fulfilling human happiness in divine love.
Who goes to Heaven?
Those who die in a state of grace and love for God go to Heaven.
What is the Beatific Vision?
The Beatific Vision is direct knowledge of God, bringing ultimate happiness to the soul in Heaven.