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level: Obstructive airway management

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Obstructive airway management

QuestionAnswer
Sleep apnoeaIntermittent obstruction of upper airways can be complete or partial and must last 10 seconds
REM leads toDecreased muscle tone more at risk of apnoea
Conqs of apnoeasleepy, hypertension, MI, CCF, stroke, diabetes
OSA TXsWeight loss, CPAP, mandibular device
Lower airway obstructionAsthma, COPD
Obstructive vs restrictiveObstructive longer to force out restrictive less capacity to fill lungs so dec. FVC1 and FVC
Astham attack causesContraction of smooth muscle, swelling of inner lining and increased mucous production
Diurnal readings show peak flow for asthmatics is worse whenin the morning
What to do in acute asthma attackSABA, oxygen, systemic steroids and call 999
What is COPDAirflow limitation not fully reversible assoc. with abnormal infalm response to noxios particles
COPD cormorbidsDiabetes, cardiovascular conditions, osteosclerosis and inflam gum disease
Patho of COPDSmoking inc. reactive O2 species triggers inflam cells releases proteases whcih causes lung damage
What does corticosteroid use lead to an increase chance of gettingpneumonias
What is pnuemoniaSwelling/inflammation of the lung tissue
Tx for COPDOxygen delivery but less than asthma
What is prednisolone 30mgSteroid for severe COPD excaberation
Why might antibiotics be given to COPDWhen green sputum is seen (excacerbated)
Acute bronchitis signsPrev. well, cough usually viral related, look for sinus infection, post nasal drip etc.
CAP signssymptoms of acute lower resp disease e.g. focal chest signs
Are CAP patients usually healthyno
Foreign bodies can causeCan cause chest infections, bronchiectasis, lobal collapse, large airway obstruction may be an emergency