Tissues
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Tissues - Details
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Epithelial tissue function | Lines and covers free surfaces and forms glands |
| Connective tissue function | Connects things and helps build shape/structure, protection |
| Muscular Tissue function | Contracts to produce movement within or out of the body |
| Nervous tissue function | Transports information, integrates information |
| Cilium/cilia | Hair like structures on the apical surface of psuedostratified and simple columnar that create a current to move things like mucus |
| Apical | Open surface |
| Basal | Bottom of tissue where basement membrane is |
| Basement membrane | Not really a membrane. It holds epithelial and connective tissues together |
| Keratinized | Contains keratin proteins that end up killing cells and leave flakes (epidermis). toughens skin; found on surface of skin |
| Epithelial VS connective | Epithelial is avascular, has lots of cells packed into sheets, connective has fibers and is underneath basement membrane |
| Non-keratinized | Stratified squamous with no dead cells; found in moist open surface areas |
| Goblet cells | Found only in simple columnar and psuedostratified; produces mucus in mucus membranes |
| Cutaneous membrane is made by what type of tissue | Stratified squamous epithelia |
| Endothelium is made by what type of tissue? | Innermost lining of blood vessels; simple squamous epithelia |
| What is mesothelium and what type of tissue is it made up of? | Builds serous membrane; simple squamous epithelia |
| Where would you find Simple Squamous epithelial tissue? | In serous membrane (mesothelium) |
| Where would you find Simple Cuboidal epithelium? | Kidney Tubules |
| Where would you find Simple Columnar epithelium? | GI tract (INTESTINES). It secretes mucus and has cilium. |
| Where would you find Transitional Epithelium | Urinary bladder because it is elastic and stretchy. In a relaxed state it is scalloped. |
| Where do you find psuedostratified columnar epithelium? | Respiratory track (TRACHEA) |
| Where do you find stratified squamous epithelium? | Moist openings such as mouth lining, Vaginal Canal. This tissue can be keratinized (kills top cells) |
| Difference between endocrine and exocrine glands? | Endocrine stays in the body (hormones), exocrine leaves the body (sweat, wax, saliva) |
| What are merocrine glands? | Thin watery secretion from exocrine glands (Forehead sweat) |
| What is an example of Apocrine exocrine glands? | Scent glands found in your mammory, armpits, groin (sweat). Aren't active until puberty. Thicker secretions because portions of cells come off. |
| Holocrine exocrine glands | Thickest secretion because whole cell (dies) and become secretory product. Examples are sebaceous glands secrete Sebum (oil), Ceruminous glands secrete Cerumen (wax) |
| What are the two components of extracellular matrix | Ground substance and Fibers |
| What is ground substance | Gel like component of tissue functioning as a background material and gives tissue it's characteristics |
| What are fibers made out of? | They are made up of fibroblasts |
| What are Fibroblasts? | Immature cells that can become different types of fiber |
| Purpose and building blocks of collagen fibers | Large sized fiber made of collagen proteins used for strength. |
| Purpose and building blocks of elastic fibers | Medium size fibers made up of elastin protein and is used for recoil |
| Purpose and building blocks of Reticular Fibers | Tiny sized fibers made of modified collagen fibers that build the stroma of organs (SPLEEN) |
| What is stroma | Framework or casing of mushy organs (like the spleen) |
| Vascular connective tissue | Found in blood vessels made of fibrin tissue (which is made by fribrinogen) |
| Three categories of Connective Tissue and simple explanation of properties | Connective tissue proper (connects and wraps things) , structural connective tissue (shape and protection), liquid connective tissue (transport) |
| Areolar Connective Tissue | Used to hold organs in place, found below basement membrane and in the papillary region; big fuzzy collagen fibers and skinny elastic fibers; LOOSE TISSUE |
| Adipose Connective Tissue | Fatty tissue used to store energy and support; Found in the hypodermis region; lots of fat storage and you can't see fibers; LOOSE TISSUE |
| Reticular Connective Tissues | Stroma (supporting framework) of liver, Spleen, and Lymph Nodes; Spacey, lots of cells and thick fibers; LOOSE TISSUE |
| Dense Regular Connective Tissue | Tight collagen fibers that creates tendons, ligaments, and aponeurosis(connects flat muscles to bone); Fibers all in line with a few cells woven in. |
| Dense Irregular Connective Tissue | Not organized (Pulled in several directions), found in deeper (reticular) regions of dermis of skin; Underneath Areolar |
| Elastic Connective Tissue | Denses of elastic fibers, found in lung and aorta tissue; Thin fibers tightly woven in the same direction |
| Hyaline Cartilage Connective Tissue | Found at top part of nose, ends of long bones, respiratory system, and embryonic skeleton ;No fibers, just Lacunae and cells |
| Fibrocartilage (mature) Connective Tissue | Supports and joins, found between vertebrae, knee meniscus and pubic symphysis; collagen fibers and lacunae lined |
| Elastic Cartilage | Epiglottis and Auricle, Strength (rigidness) and Flexibility; lacunae come in pairs (butterfly wings) |
| Compact Osseous Connective Tissue | Found on the outside surface of bones. Veins go through central canal, canaliculi deliver nutrients to Lacunae |
| Spongy Bone Connective Tissue (cancellous) | Random splotches; made of trabeculi and bone marrow; contain osteocytes in Lacunae. |
| Liquid Connective Tissue | Made of Blood Plasma, and erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets. WITHIN blood vessels |