biology plant anatomy
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biology plant anatomy - Leaderboard
biology plant anatomy - Details
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Phloem | Transports organic nutrients from leaf to where they are needed |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Leaf disk lab | Measures photosynthesis; polarity results in separation; aquatic plant undergoes photosynthesis; multiple pigment--more sunlight; oxygen makes leaf float; photosynthesis rate reduced without baking soda |
| Basic pH | Pink |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Acidic pH | Clear |
| Stomata | Allow CO2 and O2 exchange between the air and the photosynthetic cells in a leaf |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Palisades mesophyll | Main function is photosynthesis; contains high concentration of chloroplasts |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Spongy mesophyll | Facilitates gas exchange; allows uptake of CO2 and release of O2 |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Tree shape | Allows for sunlight capture; b/ of environment |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Plant in window vs dark; which is taller | Plant in dark |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Knot | Where branch comes out |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Tree growth | Adds more cells to the top |
| Organs | Root, stem, leaf |
| Root function | Anchoring the plant; Absorbing minerals and water; Storing carbohydrates; absorption of water and minerals occurs near root hairs (increased surface area) |
| Tissues | Vascular, dermal, |
| 40-10-10 | Nitrogen (proteins)--phosphorus (DNA)--potassium (coenzymes) |
| Stem | Maximizes sun exposure; transport |
| Answer always is | To maximize photosynthesis |
| Transported up | Water and nutrients |
| Apical bud (meristematic tissue) | On top; vertical growth |
| Transported down | Sugar (builds more roots) |
| Axillary bud (meristematic tissue) | On side; not primary or secondary growth; produce branches |
| Leaves | Maximize photosynthesis |
| Types of leaves | Monocot, dicot, and needle |
| Dermal | Protective covering of plants (“like skin”); absorbs things |
| Vascular | Transport water and materials to Xylem and Phloem |
| Ground | Tissues that are neither dermal nor vascular |
| Xylem (passive) | Conveys water and dissolved minerals upward from roots to leaves; dead at maturity |
| Phloem (active) | Transports organic nutrients from leaf to where they are needed; alive at maturity |
| Primary growth | Height and length |
| Secondary growth | Gets thicker; new rings |
| Meristems | Perpetually embryonic tissue that allow for indeterminate growth; plant stem cells |
| Tap root | Deep in order to find water |
| Lateral root | Closer to surface of soil; support water |
| Cacti in desert | Have lateral roots; rain is scarce |
| Sand | Biggest |
| Silt | Middle |
| Clay | Smallest; "heavy soil" |
| Equal concentration of sand, silt, and clay | Loam (best for agriculture) |
| Plants need O2 for | Respiration |
| Rhizome (below) and Stolon (above) | Are the same thing |
| Angiosperms | Grasses, trees, agricultural plants; breaks into monocots and dicots |
| Gymnosperms | Evergreen, spruces, fur, needles, cone |
| First leaf and stem | Cotyledon |
| First root | Radical |
| Is there appropriate death for seeds to be planted | Yes; seeds have sugar to make the1st radical and cotyledon |
| Monocot | 1 leaf through soil; have O |
| Dicot | 2 leaves through soil; have X |
| Monocot leaf | Vascular tissue is equally spaced |
| Where is xylem | Inside |
| Where is phloem | Outside |
| Vascular cambium | Meristematic tissue that makes new cells; adds layers of vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem |
| Everything from outside vascular cambium is what type of cell | Phloem; further out---older phloem |
| Cork cambium | Makes dermal tissue |
| Why isn't there equal amount of phloem and xylem | Phloem is being taken off |
| Why does tree not loose inside | Important for structural support |
| When are the xylem cells bigger | In the spring (conduct more water) |
| Grafting | Anything in the same genus; seeds in apple are different (sexual reproduction) |
| Casparian strips | Ring-like cell-wall modifications in the root endodermis of vascular plants |
| Symplastic | Through cytoplasm (plasmodesmata) |
| Apoplastic | Through cell wall |
| Sapwood | Xylem cells still functional (close to vascular cambium) |
| Hardwood | Xylem cells not functional |
| What does grafting match up | Vascular cambium |
| Why do grafs fail and what will u see in 5 years | They don't hold; V shape |