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phase of cell growth & development before division

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Interphase

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Cell Division - Leaderboard

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Cell Division - Details

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1) Chapter 1 View

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33 questions

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Phase of cell growth & development before division

Interphase

Either Mitosis or Meiosis

Division

Division and asexual cloning of cells

Mitosis

Division of cells in reproductive organs in order to create the sex cells needed for sexual reproduction

Meiosis

Normal everyday body cells which have chromosomes in homologous pairs of two. (“Di” means two.)

Somatic Diploid Cells (2N)

Structures of condensed DNA

Chromosomes

Chromosomes from your mom and dad that carry similar genes and are the same size (Remember, “Hom” means same or similar)

Homologous

The symbol for diploid cells, where “N” represents the number of chromosomes in a single set from one parent in a particular organism

A buildup of cells as a result of multiple mutations causing cells to divide uncontrollably and not die when they should

Tumors

Non-cancerous, slow growing, doesn’t damage surrounding tissue, doesn’t spread, usually doesn’t come back, BUT can turn malignant

Benign Tumor

Cancerous, fast growing, damages surrounding tissue, spreads throughout the body, often comes back because it can be hard to treat all mutated cells after spreading

Malignant Tumor

Interphase - phase before division where the cell grows, develops and replicates all of its DNA chromosomes into identical twin “_________” so when the cell divides, each new cell doesn’t end up with half the required amount of DNA

Sister Chromatids

Sister Chromatids become visible because nucleus breaks down

Prophase

Sister Chromatids meet in the middle

Metaphase

Sister Chromatids are moved apart by Spindle Fibers made by Centrosomes organelles

Anaphase

Two new nuclei form around each cluster of chromosomes

Telophase

Cell’s cytoplasm pinches in half forms 2 new identical twin “Daughter Cells”

Cytokinesis

Begins with a 46 chromosome Diploid (2N) cell Asexual Reproduction (cloning) One round division Produces 2 twin diploid Daughter Cells

Mitosis IH

Begins with a 46 chromosome Diploid (2N) cell in reproductive organs Sexual Reproduction Two round division Produces 4 unique Haploid (N) Gamete sex cells with 23 chromosomes

Meiosis IH

Two round division of a somatic diploid cell in our reproductive organs resulting in four sex cells to make a “mini me” baby

Meiosis

Round _ Interphase Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I & Cytokinesis

Round _ NO Interphase Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II & Cytokinesis

Meiosis Round I phase before division where the cell grows, develops and replicates all of its DNA chromosomes into identical twin “Sister Chromatids”

Interphase

Prophase I appear because nucleus breaks down - each tetrad consists of homologous pairs of Sister Chromatids, one pair from mom and one from dad

Tetrads

Prophase I occurs - pieces of DNA are exchanged among each tetrad forming new unique & diverse chromosomes

Crossing Over

Metaphase I Tetrads meet in the ____

Middle

Anaphase I Tetrads are pulled ____ by Spindle Fibers made by Centrosomes organelles

Apart

Telophase I ___ new nuclei form around each cluster of chromosomes

Two

Cytokinesis I ______ pinches in half forming 2 new cells that are completely different from each other and its parent

Cytoplasm

A new nucleus forms around each cluster of chromosomes Cytoplasms pinch in half to form four unique, diverse sex cells called gametes

Telophase 2 Cytokinesis 2

Haploid sex cells (sperm and egg)

Gametes

Contain half the # of chromosomes as Diploid (2N) cells (chromosomes are not in pairs)

Haploid Cells (N)

“N” - symbol for Haploid cells, where “N” is the individual number of ______ in a cell

Chromosomes