MGD week 2
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| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Describe 3 phases in DNA replication | Initiation - recognising origin of replication - action of DNA polymerase and DNA helicase Elongation - 5' to 3' chain growth Termination - When replication forks meet - action of DNA ligase |
| Where does transcription and translation occur? | Transcription - in the nucleus Translation - in the cytoplasm |
| Describe 3 phases in transcription | Initiation - promoter recognition and blinding - e.g) TATA - RNA polymerase binds to the site Elongation - 5' to 3' chain growth, copy of mRNA by complementary base pairing Termination - sequence dependent termination of of RNA chain growth |
| Describe the process of transformation from pre-mRNA to mature mRNA | Capping - addition of 5' cap - protection against degradation of polynucleotide at 5' end Tailing/Polyadenylation - addition of 3'polyA tail - protection against degradation of polynucleotide at 3' end Splicing - removal of introns - spliceosome cut introns and join exons together |
| Describe 3 phases in translation | Initiation - Starting codon recognition and binding - formation of functional ribosome - recognition done by hydrogen bond between codon and anticodon Elongation - Addition of 5' nitrogen to 3' carbon, creating peptide bond (N to C chain growth) - tRNA synthetase acts as a catalyst, binds tRNA with aminoacid Termination - stopping codon recognition |