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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
the relation between two different species of organisms that are interdependent; each gains benefits from the other	mutualism
the relation between two different kinds of organisms when one receives benefits from the other without damaging it	commensalism
the relation between two different kinds of organisms in which one receives benefits from the other by causing damage to it (usually not fatal damage)	parasitism
a bacterium, virus, or other microorganisms that can cause disease	pathogen
Consist of nucleic acid, proteins and a lipid envelope dependent on cells to survive replication occurs by the assembly of pre-formed components no persistence structurs, basic structurs allows them to persist in the environment.	what do viruses consist of
a unicellular organism having cells lacking membrane-bound nuclei; bacteria are the prime example but also included are blue-green algae and actinomycetes and mycoplasma	prokaryote
some bacteria can form specialised persistence structures known as spores which allows reaccurent reinfection and can exhibit cells that help the bacteria to be resistant to antibiotics.	persistence structure of bacteria
bacteria are classified by their shape and how they stain under microscope, gram positive= purple, gram negative= pink	how are bacteria classified?
the taxonomic kingdom including yeast, molds; distinct from the green plants. Eukaryotes	fungi
unicellular eukaryotes, transmitted by insects, by eating animals. reproduce both sexually and asexually	parasites
the microorganisms of a particular site, habitat, or geological period	microbiota
caused by agents present in or on the body	endogenous
caused by agents in the environment entering the body through ingestion, inhalation, trauma, needle stick, sexual transmission.	exogenous
organisms that do not cause disease	commensal
do not normally cause disease but can if host defences are impaired	opportunistic pathogens
What microorganisms are present? Are they causing any pathology? Do they require treatment? What treatment is required?	what the microbiology laboratory determines
'isolated' = have grown it 'detected' = we have evidence of a reaction 'indicated' = haven't seen it but have seen the affects of it 'seen' = can see it	termonolgy in micro reports
bacterial names are given as genus and species, both are italicised and Genus is captalised	how are bacterial names given?