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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
What are the three main functions of the immune system?	1. Protect body's internal environment 2. Maintain homeostasis 3. Surveillance network
The immune system's ability to mobilize and use its antibodies and other responses to stimulation of an antigen is called ______________.	Immunocompetence
What is immunoincompetence?	Homeostasis is disrupted by the immune response being too weak or vigorous; causing a malfunction in the system
List 4 examples of inappropriate immune responses:	1. Allergies 2. Immunodeficiency 3. Autoimmune disorders 4. Attacks on beneficial foreign tissue
What kind of immunity is nonspecific?	Innate immunity
What type of immunity is the body's first line of defense?	Innate immunity
When do phagocytes become activated?	When organisms pass the epithelial barriers
What kind of immunity provides a specific reaction to each antigen, and is able to recognize antigens that caused the attack?	Adaptive immunity
The thymus, spleen, bone marrow, blood, and lymph are examples of the _______ immune system	Adaptive
What cells do T cells release when activated?	Lymphokines
What cell is responsible for attracting macrophages to the site of infection and preparing them for attack?	Lymphokines
70% to 80% of lymphocytes are ___ cells	T cells
B cells make up approximately how much of the lymphocyte population?	20% to 30%
B cells trigger the production of _________	Antibodies
What is the normal ration of T-helper cells to T-suppressor cells in the body?	2:1
When immunity results, the antigen is referred to as an __________.	Immunogen
Cellular immunity is characterized by the dominate role of which cells?	T-cells
Which aspect of the immune system is relatively unaffected by increasing age?	Bone marrow
What part of the immune system decreases in size and activity with age?	Thymus
An antigen is usually a _______ that causes the formation of an antibody	Protein
The process of weakening the virulence of a disease organism is called ________.	Attenuation
A vaccine stimulates _______ immunity	Humoral