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level: Level 2

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 2

Question	Answer
A large black grub with a distinct head capsule, three pairs of chest legs and pro-legs is found eating OSR foliage in a warm autumn. It is a?	Turnip sawfly
In flowering crops, toxicity of pyrethroids to bees would be increased by tank mixing the insecticide with?	Triazole
A pest which is likely to be an economic problem in spring OSR over WOSR is?	Mealy cabbage aphid
Where cycloxydim as Laser has been used for the control of cereal volunteers in OSR, can another ACCase product be applied, as long as a different product targeting a different weed be used?	Yes
A formulation type that contains an organic solvent and water is?	EW
SU herbicides are usually formulated as?	WDG
Cationic tallow-amine surfactants have been shown to enhance uptake, above a level explained simply by reduction of surface tension, in the case of what herbicide?	Glyphosate
Adjuvants can only be legally used if they are officially listed. To check this, the adjuvant number can be searched at:	Secure pesticides
A product which contains an anti-cholinesterase active substance is?	Aphox
An example of a product containing a multi-site is?	Arizona
For any given substance, the least hazardous formulation is?	GR
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Folded Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: 2-5mm, pointed and serated Auricles: No Features: Boat shaped tip to leaf	Annual meadow grass
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Folded Rhizomes: Yes Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: 1-3mm, blunt Auricles: No Features: Boat shaped tip to leaf	Smooth meadow grass
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Folded Rhizomes: No Stolons: Yes Hairs: No Ligule: 4-10mm, pointed Auricles: No Features: Boat shaped tip to leaf	Rough meadow grass
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Folded Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: 1mm, blunt Auricles: Small Features: Shiny underside to leaf, red/ purple base to leaf sheath, no awns on seed	Perennial ryegrass
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: 2mm, blunt Auricles: Small and narrow Features: Shiny underside to leaf, red/ purple base to leaf sheath, awns on seed	Italian ryegrass
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: Yes Ligule: 1-4mm, blunt and hairy Auricles: No Features: Soft, hairy grass, purple stripes on leaf sheath	Yorkshire Fog
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: Yes Stolons: No Hairs: Sometimes Ligule: 1mm, blunt Auricles: Small pointed, horn like Features: Rhizome is white and sharply pointed	Couch grass
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: Sometimes Ligule: 3mm, blunt Auricles: No Features: Swollen bulbous nodes at base of leaf sheath	Onion couch
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: Yes Hairs: No Ligule: 5mm, roundly pointed tip Auricles: No Features: Long, thin leaves tapering to narrow point	Creeping bent grass
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: 6mm, blunt, rounded and white Auricles: No Features: Light green rough leaves, leaf sheath swollen at base, upright growth habit	Timothy
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Folded Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: 4-10mm, pointed membranous Auricles: No Features: Dull or greyish green, leaves folded and strongly keeled	Cocks foot
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Bristle like Rhizomes: Yes Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: Very short, blunt Auricles: No Features: Shiny bristle like leaves, slight red base of leaf sheath	Red fescue
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Bristle like Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: Very short Auricles: No Features: Shiny bristle like leaves, smooth and hairless, swelling at leaf keel	Sheeps fescue
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: No Ligule: 2.5mm, blunt and finely serrated Auricles: No Features: Bluish green leaves, leaf sheath purple, heavily tillered, prostrate habit	Black grass
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: Yes Ligule: 2-4mm, pointed and deeply serrated Auricles: No Features: Leaf blade surface rough with short hairs on surface and edge	Barren brome
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: Yes Ligule: 3-6mm,round and jagged Auricles: No Features: Leaf blade surface rough and sparsely hairy	Great brome
What grass has: Youngest leaf: Rolled Rhizomes: No Stolons: No Hairs: Yes Ligule: 1-4mm, membranous, becoming torn Auricles: No Features: Leaf blade moderately hairy on edge	Meadow brome
What is the main germination period of Redshank?	April-July
What are the 3 cereal seed % quality factors covered by the seed act?	noxious weeds, species purity and germination
What is the greatest disease resistance rating for the NIAB recommended varieties?	5
Which cereal disease is controlled by a short 2 year break from cereal cropping?	Take-all
What herbicide would give the best control of annual meadow grass in ryegrass leys?	Ethofumesate
What herbicide may be used pre emergence to control black nightshade in potatoes?	Metobromuron
What herbicide can be used to control docks in grass leys?	Amidosulfuron
What herbicide active ingredient can only be applied to certain potato varieties?	Metribuzin
Which herbicide can be used to control Shepherds purse in OSR?	Dimethanimide-p and metazachlor
What is the final date of application of Kerb?	31st January
What herbicide can be used to control annual broad leaf weeds in a newly sown grass/clover ley?	2,4-DB
What herbicide can be used to control ragwort in grassland?	2,4-D
What active ingredient is good for cleaver control in sugar beet?	Ethofumesate
What herbicide can be used to target grass weeds in a potato crop in May?	Cycloxydim
What is the target plant population benchmark for WW?	260 plants/m2
For every month delayed drilling due to weed pressures etc, how much should the plant/m2 be increased by in WW?	50 plants/m2
What moisture % should OSR be stored at?	<8%
What is the target ears/m2 at harvest for optimum yeild in WW?	400 ears/m2
When (GS) are PGRs usually applied to WW ?	GS31 & 38
What is a Critical Control Point (CCP) (HACCP)?	Measures in place to prevent and limit hazards and take corrective action
What moisture % should cereals be stored at to avoid mycotoxin and fungal issues	<14.5%
What is the maximum seed moisture content for desiccating OSR	<30%
What fungicides could be applied to control Phoma in OSR	Prothioconazole or Difenconazole
What is the target DM for forage maize?	30-35%
What does the BSPB forage maize descriptive list categorize its varieties under?	Favorable and non favorable sites
Why would you plant early varieties of maize?	Insurance against a late harvest
Why would you plant late maize varieties?	Increased yield
What seed treatment is available for maize and what will it prevent?	Maxim XL, damping off
What is the seed rate for maize?	110,000 seeds/ha
What is the ideal sowing depth for maize?	3-5cm depth
What will 5% reduction of seed rate increase in maize?	Cob size and starch
When should maize be drilled?	Late April - Early may, where soil temperatures are 8 degrees and above
What is the Nmax of forage maize?	150kg/ha
Describe a traditional maize nutrition plan	125kg/ha of DAP, followed by remaining N applied at 4 leaves to prevent prills scorching leaf axils
When should foliar micronutrients be applied to maize?	4-6 leaves
List the available maize pre-em herbicides	Pendimethalin, dimethanamid, metalochlor
List the available maize post-em herbicides	Mesotrione, bromoxynil, florasulam, fluroxypyr, clopyralid
What is the maximum individual and total dose of ferric phosphate?	7kg/ha and 28kg/ha