| 3 non dental pains are | TMJ related, giant cell arteritis, trigeminal neuralgia |
| Important when taking pain to note whether pain is | Continous or episodic and unilateral or bilateral |
| Trigeminal neuralgia- usually from ectatic blood vessels symptoms | severe unilateral pain lasting for seconds like electric shock several attacks a day may complain of dull aching pains |
| what is carbamazepine used for and what type of drug is it | It is an anticolvusant used to treat trigeminal neuralgia |
| Surgical treatment of trigem neuralgia | Glycerol injection of the 5th nerve and microvascular decompression |
| Giant cell temporal arteritis symptoms and treatment | Pain and tenderness of temple feeling unwell may be lack of pulsation of temporal artery patient should be treated immediately with oral steroid if this works then this is diagnostic and patient may need maintenance doses for years to come |
| Other causes of facial pain - | Glossopharnygeal neuralgia, short unilateal neuralgifrom pain, post herpetic neuralgia, post stroke pain, non anatomical extraoral and intraoral |
| Atypical/ idiopathic pain due to treated by | Fatigue/stress treated with antidepressants and cognitive therapy |
| Raised ICP symptoms | Headache, vomiting and blurring of vision |
| Causes of raised ICP | Subdural haemotoma, tumour or infection from meningitis, encephalitis or a cerebral abcess |
| Headache sinister symptoms | Sudden onset worsening accomp. focal neurological symtoms and features of raised ICP fever neck stiff headache on cough laughinig and in pregnancy |
| What is a seizure | An abnormal function of the brain as a results of abnormal paroxysmal neuronal discharge |
| Main drug used to treat epilepsy | Anticonvulsant |
| Dental side effects of anticolvulsants | Dental bleeding, carbamazepine, phenytoin and sod valproate. Gingival hyperplasia is caused by phenytoin |
| Emergency treatment principles | Maintain airway asses breathing give O2 maintain circulatin establish IV access with lorezepam as IV bolus, diazepam IV or rectally and buccal midazolam |
| TIA- | stroke symptoms and signs that resolve within 24 hours |
| Stroke is a | Syndrome consisiting of rapidly developing clinical signs of focal/global disturbance of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours or leaidng to deaeth |
| Stroke treated with | Alteplase IC, aspririn if outside of thromboylsis window |
| MS treatmetn | Baclofen and tizanide to treat spazmicity, anti ds anti ACh for bladder instabilty IV methylprednisolone |
