| How is oxygen transported within gas transport circulation? | Haemoglobin molecules carry oxygen in the blood, with approx. 97% of oxygen in the blood bound to Hb. Haemoglobin contain 4 protein chains (2 alpha, 2 beta) each containing a haem group and iron atom. |
| Outline the transport of oxygen within circulation | CO2 in its dissolved state (5-10%) – CO2is 20 times as soluble as O2 Transported as a bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) [70%] – CO2+H20 àCarbonic Acid (H2CO3) àH++ HCO3- As Carbaminohaemoglobin (CO2Hb) [20-25%] – in combination with haemoglobin |
| What factors influence carbon dioxide dissociation? | Bohr effect shows that when PCO2 is highest, O2 dissociation from Hb (offloading) increases. The Haldane effect states that greater binding of O2 with Hb, increases the release of CO2. |
| What factors influence oxygen dissociation? | Increased H+, CO2 and temperature increase the tendency of haemoglobin to offload oxygen. Bohr Effect - the effect of CO2 and H+ Promotes O2 offloading in the peripheral tissues (where PO2 is high) Promotes 02 loading in the lungs (where PCO2 is low) |
