| What is the definition of flow | the volume of fluid passing a given point per unit time |
| What is the definition of velocity | the rate of movement of fluid particles along the tube |
| What determines the flow | Pressure difference between the 2 ends of the vessel |
| What determines the flow resistance | Nature of fluid ( viscosity )
The vessel e.g. length and cross sectional area |
| What causes turbulent flow | As the velocity increases, the velocity gradient breaks down and leads to fluid tumbling over and flow resistance greatly increases |
| What is viscocity | The extent which fluid layers resist sliding over each other
Higher viscocity leads to slower central layers leading to slower average velocity |
| What are some vessels with low ressistance | Arteries , veins, venules |
| What vessels have high resistance | Arterioles
Individual Capillaries --> however capillaries are in parallel which leads to the overall resistance being low |
| What factors affect the systolic pressure ( maximum arterial pressure ) | Cardiac Output ( how hard the heart pushes it )
Total peripheral resistance
How much compliance the arteries have |
| What factors affect the diastolic pressure ( minimum arterial pressure ) | Total peripheral resistance
Systolic pressure |
| What type of blood flow is normal? | Laminar blood flow |
