| Biodiversity | - Variety of organisms in the living world |
| Habitat | - Place where organism lives |
| Community | - All populations of different species in a habitat |
| Three components of biodiversity | - Species diversity
- Genetic diversity
- Ecosystem diversity |
| Species diversity | - The no. of different species + the no. of individuals of each species within any 1 community |
| Genetic diversity | - The no. of different alleles of genes in a species or population
- Allows natural selection to occur |
| Ecosystem diversity | - The range of different habitats, from a small local habitat to the whole of the Earth |
| Species richness | - A measure of species diversity
- No. of species in a particular area at a given time
- Can use index to calculate it |
| Index of diversity | d = N (N - 1)/Σ n(n - 1)
d = index of diversity
N = total no. of organisms of all species
n = total no. of organisms of each species
Σ = the sum of |
