| The most common amoeba in soil and fresh water where cyst and trophozoites exist and is resistant to chlorine? | ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. |
| a patient wearing contact lens is most like to infected by this organism due to swimming? | ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. |
| the clinical diseases of ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. include? | a) granulomatous ameboc encephalitis GAE, b) disseminated granulomatous amebic disease c) amebic keratitis |
| the symptoms of altered mental status, headached, fever, stiff neck, seizures, focal neurological signs, coma and then death are associated with which disease? | GAE |
| the form of infection of ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. that involves the skin, sinus and pulmonary infection is ? | disseminated granulomatous amebic disease |
| the disease caused by ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. that is a sight threatening disease that is mostly seen in contact lense wearers? | amebic keratitis |
| symptoms of foreign body sensation, sever occular pain, photophobia and blurred vision is common with? | amebic keratitis |
| the mode of entry of ACANTHAMOEBA SPP.? | respiratory tract. |
| what is the complication of infection of ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. once an immunocompromised patient was infected? | the organism can enter circulation and disseminate to brain and other organ. |
| in immunocompromised, the infection of ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. can cause the organism to enter circulation and disseminate to brain and other organ.which form of clinical disease is? | Disseminated granulomatous amebic disease |
| the histology of GAE disease which may be absent in immunocompromised? | parenchymal necrosis and granuloma |
| the pattern of GAE if leptimeninges is involved? | 1) infiltrates with equal number of polymorphonuclear cells, lymphocytes and macrophages
2) infiltrates predominantly of lymphocytes and macrophages |
| usually unilateral diffuse punctuate, the epithelipathology include? | dendritic epithelial lesions which leads to sternal infection leading to ring infiltrates formation. |
| lab diagnosis of ACANTHAMOEBA SPP include | CSF wet prep for trophozoites, CT and culture |
| culture for ACANTHAMOEBA SPP | nutrient/non nutrient agar with E.coli or enterobacter aerogenes |
| axenic cultures are useful for ? | ACANTHAMOEBA SPP |
| in the cornea of an infected individual, which form of the organism are likely to be present with acute and mixed inflammatory infiltrates? | cyst and trophozoite. (organism may be present without inflammatory infiltrates) |
| treatment of non keratic disease? | pentamidine and azole compound: voriconazole, flucytosine, sulfadiazine, miltefosine, amikacin. these can be given topically, iv or intrathecally depending on the nature of the disease. |
| treatment of keratitis? | polyhexamethylenebiguanide (PHMB) chlorexinide,propamidine, hexamidine |
| treatment in progressinve karatitis? | penetrating karatoplasty. |
| a patient infected with ACANTHAMOEBA SPP. is being treated with an azole compund, they are likely to have which form of the disease? | non keratic disease |
