| What are the three main states of matter? | Solid, Liquid, Gas |
| What are all changes of state called? | Freezing
Melting
Evaporation
Condensation
Sublimation
Deposition |
| What is the freezing point of water? | 0 degrees celsius |
| What is the melting point of ice? | 1 degrees celsius |
| What is the Boiling/Evaporation point of water? | 100 degrees celsius |
| What is sublimation? | The change of state of an element, from solid to gas. The special thing about sublimation is that it skips the liquid stage. |
| What happens to water when a solute is dissolved in it? | The boiling point goes up and the freezing point lowers. |
| What is the moving particle theory? | The moving particle theory says that all matter consists of many, very small particles which are constantly moving or in a continual state of motion. In solids, the particles barely move. In liquids, the particles move a bit, and in gases the particles move around like crazy. |
| Expansion and Contraction | Most substances expand (get bigger) when they get warmer and contract (get smaller) when they get colder. |
| What are the special properties of water? | When it is 4° C or above, water obeys the rules! When water cools down to 4°C, it quits contracting and starts expanding and it keeps breaking the rules all the way to 0°. |
| What are homogenous and heterogenous mixtures? | There are two types of mixtures: heterogeneous and homogeneous. Heterogeneous mixtures have visually distinguishable components, while homogeneous mixtures appear uniform throughout. The most common type of homogenous mixture is a solution, which can be a solid, liquid, or gas. |
| What are suspensions? | A suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do not dissolve, left floating around freely in the medium. |
| What are solutions? | A solution is a homogeneous mixture of one or more solutes dissolved in a solvent. |
| What are colloids? | A colloid is a homogenous mixture of two or more substances mixed together but not chemically combined ( they can be separated ). They are a special type of mixture where tiny particles of one substance are scattered through another substance. Cream is a colloid as it's made up of tiny particles of fat dispersed in water. |
| What is a solute? | A solute is the substance that is being dissolved. |
| What is a solvent? | The substance that a solvent is being dissolved in. |
| What is solubility? | The degree to which a substance dissolves in a solvent to make a solution |
| Definition of soluble and insoluble: | If a substance is able to be dissolved in a solvent. Insoluble is the opposite of this. |
| What are factors affecting solubility? | The three main factors affecting solubility are temperature, nature of solvent and solute, and pressure. |
| How do you recognize a suspension? | An suspension is when you mix a liquid and a solid, where the solid does not dissolve in the liquid. If this appears then you have an suspension. The suspension will appear as small "grain" looking object floating in the solution. |
| What is an independent variable? | The independent variable is the variable that you are going to change. |
| What is the dependent variable? | The dependent variable is the one variable that you measure. |
| How do you write a research question for a lab? | How does the independent variable affect the dependent variable? |
| What are common examples of suspensions? | Muddy water
Flour in water |
