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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
What is the main waste product of cellular respiration?	CO2
What is the main energy currency for cells?	ATP
What is the oxygen we breathe in turned into during	H2O
In which structure does most gas exchange occur?	alveoli
Which structure is not part of the respiratory system conducting zone?	alveoli
Which of these is not considered part of the upper respiratory tract?	trachea ( primary brochi and lugs)
A specialist in the upper respiratory tract?	otorhinolaryngologist
A specialist in the lower respiratory tract?	pulmonologist
The trachea is _______ to the esophagus?	anterior
Which word root refers to nose?	rhino
Which of these is considered the “throat” region?	pharynx
Which of these is considered the voice box?	larynx
Which of these drains tears from the eyes to the nasal cavity?	nasolacrimal duct
Which of these equalizes pressure between the middle ear and throat?	eustachian tube
Which of these is not a cartilage of the nose?	cricoid
Which of these is responsible for the “Adam’s apple”?	thyroid cartilage
Bony nasal structures that create air turbulence?	turbinates
The only circular cartilage in the respiratory tract?	cricoid cartilage
The vocal ligaments are attached to these cartilages?	arytenoid cartilage
The opening from the nasal cavity into the throat?	choanae
The opening from the mouth into the throat?	fauces
The opening from the throat into the larynx?	glottis
The ridge of cartilage between the primary bronchi?	carina
This ridge is the most sensitive area as far as initiating the cough reflex?	carina
What best describes the shape of the cartilage that makes up the trachea?	C-shaped
What muscle regulates the size of the tracheal lumen?	trachealis
Which best describes the location of the esophagus to the trachea?	esophagus is posterior to the trachea
These bronchi form from the terminal end of the trachea?	primary
These are also referred to as lobar bronchi?	secondary
These are also referred to as segmental bronchi?	tertiary
This procedure is used to remove fluid from the pleural cavity?	thoracentesis
This procedure is used to force food trapped in the glottis up out of the airways?	Heimlich maneuve
This procedure can bypass trapped food by making an incision into the windpipe?	tracheostomy
These make up the walls of the alveoli?	type I alveolar cell
These produce pulmonary surfactant?	type II alveolar cell
These are also known as dust cells?	alveolar macrophage
Which of these sweeps mucous upwards in the respiratory tract?	cilia
What is the surface of the right lung that is in contact with the heart?	cardiac notch
Through which structure do vessels enter / leave the lung?	hilum
What is another term for a collapsed lung?	pneumothorax
What term describes the accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity?	pleural effusion
Which term describes the removal of fluid from the pleural cavity?	thoracentesis
What cavity are the lungs enclosed in?	pleural
Which of these is fused to the outside of the lungs?	visceral pleura
Which of these is fused to the thoracic wall?	parietal pleural
This center adjusts the rate of breathing?	pontine respiratory group
This center controls muscles needed for quite breathing?	dorsal respiratory group
This center controls muscles needed for forceful breathing?	ventral respiratory group
This nerve serves the diaphragm?	phrenic nerve
This nerve controls the rib muscles used for inhalation?	intercostal nerve
This nerve transmits information from the carotid bodies?	glossopharyngeal nerve
This nerve transmits information from the aortic bodies?	vagus nerve
Where are the breathing centers of the brain located?	brain stem
Which of these is not used for inhalation?	internal intercostals
These detect oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels of blood?	carotid & aortic bodies
Which of these forms when water and carbon dioxide react?	carbonic acid
How is most carbon dioxide transported in the blood?	bicarbonate
If carbon dioxide accumulates in blood, which will occur?	metabolic acidosis
Food that we burn leave are bodies as this molecule?	CO2
Which of these prevents food from entering the airways?	epiglottis
What is the opening between the pharynx and larynx called?	glottis