| Burns caused by dry heat (skin is not broken) | apply butesin picrate ointment or any burn ointment available in the first-aid kit in the laboratory. |
| Acids on the skin | Wash the affected area immediately with plenty of water, then with saturated
sodium bicarbonate solution and again with water. |
| Alkali on the skin | Wash the affected area immediately with plenty of water, then with 1% acetic
acid solution and again with water. |
| Bromine on the skin | Wash the affected part immediately with plenty of light petroleum (B.P. 80˚ C)
and then rub glycerin well onto the skin. After a short while, remove the glycerin
and apply butesin picrate ointment or any burn ointment in the first-aid kit. |
| Sodium on the skin | If a small fragment of sodium metal can still be seen, remove it carefully with a
forceps. Wash thoroughly with water; followed with 1% acetic acid solution.
Cover the area with gauze soaked in olive oil or acriflavine jelly or Vaseline. |
| Organic substances on the skin | Wash freely with rubbing alcohol, then with soap and water |
| Cut (minor) | allow it to bleed for a few seconds. |
| Cut (caused by glass) | see to it that no glass pieces remain. Apply a
disinfectant and bandage. |
| Serious Cuts | check bleeding by applying pressure above it (a tourniquet) .
Send for a doctor at once. |
| Acid in the eyes | wash the eye/s repeatedly with 1% sodium bicarbonate solution. If the acid is concentrated, wash the eye/s with large amount of water
and then with bicarbonate solution. |
| Caustic Alkali in the eye/s | wash the eye/s with large amount of water and
then with 1% boric acid solution |
| Bromine Water in the eye/s | wash thoroughly with 1% sodium bicarbonate
solution. |
| When clothes catch on fire | prevent the person from running. Let him/her roll on the
floor or wrap another piece of clothing around him (a laboratory gown or blanket)
to cut off the supply of oxygen |
| Chemicals in beakers and other containers burn (fire) | cover the mouth of the
vessel with a clean damp cloth so that the flame will be put off. |
| Larger flames | Sand may be employed. It is advisable to make use of a fire
extinguisher. NOT water |
| If an acid is swallowed (POISONS) | dilute by drinking plenty of water followed by limewater or
milk of Magnesia. Milk may also be given. Do not give any emetic. |
| Caustic Alkali (POISONS) | Dilute by drinking plenty of water, followed by vinegar, lemon or orange juice.
Milk may also be given. Do not give any emetic. |
| Salts of Heavy Metals (POISONS) | If a salt or heavy metal is swallowed, one may give milk or raw egg white. |
| Arsenic or Mercury Compounds (POISONS) | Give an emetic immediately such as one tablespoonful of salt or zinc sulfate in a
glass of warm water. |
