| Diagnostic procedures:
Microscopic
examination/ Tzanck smear- To
distinguish viral disease/ testing
(vesicle) | Culture and sensitive |
| Diagnostic procedures: 7: gram stain:
Positive- ???
Negative- ??? | Positive- purple/ black
Negative- pink |
| Diagnostic procedures: 7: gram stain:
Positive- ???
Negative- ??? | Positive- purple/ black
Negative- pink |
| Diagnostic procedures: 7: gram stain:
Positive- ???
Negative- ??? | Positive- purple/ black
Negative- pink |
| Diagnostic procedures: 7: gram stain:
Positive- ???
Negative- ??? | Positive- purple/ black
Negative- pink |
| BCC | Basal Cell Carcinoma |
| BSA | Body surface area |
| Bx/ bx | Biopsy |
| Fs | Frozen section |
| FTSG | full thickness skin graft |
| I & D | Incision and drainage |
| ID | intradermal |
| IM | intramuscular |
| SCLE | subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| STSG | split- thickness skin graft |
| Ung | Ointment |
| Autoimmune diseases | SCLE & SLE |
| buish color, oxygen poor blood
- check the buccal area, finger
nails, toe nails | Cyanotic |
| Pale in complexion
- Lighter skin color
- Reduce blood flow and oxygen,
decrease number of red blood
cell
- Occur in localized are.
- Lack of exposure to sun, due to
excessive exposure to cold | Pallor |
| Skin discoloration
- Reddish purple color
- Hemorrhage of dermal and
intradermal of the skin | Ecchymosis |
| Generalized redness of skin
- Due of inflammation of the skin
- Causes of congestion or irritation of
small blood vessel (capillaries)
- Result of some medications or
drugs, diseases or infection | Erythema |
| Known as icterus
- Yellowing of the skin cause by
elevated bilirubin
- Eyes | Jaundice |
| Yellow-orange skin discoloration
- Excess level of carotin in the
bloodstream | Carotenemia |
| Examining the elasticity of the skin
- Assess by gently grasping and
pulling up the skin
- Most common area for examination
is the abdominal skin, lower arm,
dorsal of hand | Skin turgor |
| Skin turgor: normal turgor | 3 seconds |
| Abnormal skin turgor is caused by | Dehydration |
| Abnormal tissue change
- Wound, sores, tumor, rashes | Skin lesion |
| Classification of a lesion: | 1. Primary lesion
2. Secondary lesion |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: | First lesion of the onset of the disease
Ex: chickenpox, measles
- Can be flat or elevated
- If ELEVATED- it can be either
solid or fluid filled |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: | 1. Flat lesion
2. Elevated lesion |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: flat lesion:
flat, circumscribed 1 cm in
diameter, pigmented
-measles, tattoo | Macule |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated lesion: | 1. Papule
2. Nodule
3. Tumor
4. Wheal |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated lesion:
Solid, less than 1 cm
-pimples, insect bite, skin tags
(excess skin) | Papule |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated lesion: 2
Palpable, circumscribed, large and
deeper than papule.
-2cm in diameter extends to the
dermal area
-well-defined and circular | Nodule |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated lesion: 3
Solid, elevated
-Larger than 2 cm in diameter
extends to the dermal and
subcutaneous layers. | Tumor |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated lesion: 4
Elevated, firm rounded lesion
-Localized skin edema usually has
WHITE center and RED perimeter
-Sensitive of extreme cold & heat
exposure, food and drug. | Wheal |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated (fluid-filled) lesion: | 1. Vesicle
2. Pustule
3. Bulla (bullae) |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated (fluid-filled) lesion: 1
Fluid filled, elevated,
circumscribed (within the area)
-Less than 0.5 cm in diameter | Vesicle |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated (fluid-filled) lesion: 2
Small, raised, circumscribed
lesion
-Contains pus
-Less than 1 cm in diameter
-Ex. Acne, Scabies | Pustule |
| Classification of a lesion: 1: primary lesion: elevated (fluid-filled) lesion: 3
Blister
-Larger than 1 cm in diameter
-Burns | Bulla (bullae) |
| Classification of a lesion: 2:
complication
or the result of the changes in the
primary lesions | Secondary lesions |
| Classification of a lesion: 2: secondary: | 1. Excoriations
2. Fissure
3. Ulcer |
| Classification of a lesion: 2: secondary: 1
linear scratch, marks,
traumatized abrasions of the epidermis | Excoriations |
| Classification of a lesion: 2: secondary: 2
small slit or crack, dry lips,
heel foot | Fissure |
| Classification of a lesion: 2: secondary: 3
extends until the dermis area,
destruction until the bones or muscles. | Ulcer |
| Diagnostic procedures: | 1. Diascopy
2. Wood's light or lamp
3. Skin tests
4. Culture and sensitivity
5. Blood studies
6. Biopsy
7. Gram stain |
| Diagnostic procedures: 1:
Distinguish hemorrhagic and
inflammatory lesions | Diascopy |
| Diagnostic procedures: 2
Use of ultraviolet lamp | Wood's lamp/light |
| Diagnostic procedures: 3
method to determine sensitivity/allergy
by applying antigen --Scratch/prick
test/ intradermal test/ patch test | Skin tests (for various allergens) |
| Diagnostic procedures: 4
Microscopic
examination/ Tzanck smear- To
distinguish viral disease/ testing
(vesicle) | Culture and sensitive |
| Diagnostic procedures: 5 | Blood studies |
| Diagnostic procedures: 6: | Biopsy |
| Diagnostic procedures: 6: biopsy, types of biopsy | 1. Shaved biopsy- dermal blade
2. Punch biopsy
3. Excision biopsy |
| Diagnostic procedures: 7: | Gram stain |
| Diagnostic procedures: 7: gram stain:
Positive- ???
Negative- ??? | Positive- purple/ black
Negative- pink |
| Disorders: bacterial infections: | 1. Impertigo
2. Cellulitis
3. Folliculitis
4. Stye |
| Disorders: bacterial infections: 1:
superficial, contagious
- Cause by staphylococcus aureus
- Lesion start of flat lesion, macule
- Then it will become pustule
- Honey colored | Impetigo |
| Disorders: bacterial infections: 2:
inflammation of
subcutaneous tissue | Cellulitis |
| Disorders: bacterial infections: 3:
inflammation of hair
follicle
- Cause by staphylococcus aureus | Folliculitis |
| Disorders: bacterial infections: 4:
abscess of eyelash follicle
- Cause by staphylococcus aureus | Stye |
| Disorders: Viral Infections: | 1. Herpes
2. Warts |
| Disorders: Viral Infections: 1
Herpes | A. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
b. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
c. Herpes Z |
| Disorders: Viral Infections: 2: warts | COMMON: Verruca vulgaris
b. Filiform
c. Flat
d. Genital warts
e. Periungual
f. Plantar |
| Parasitic infections | A. Pediculosis
B. Scabies |
| Fungal infections: 1: dermatophytosis/tinea: | a. Tinea barbae
b. Tine capitis
c. Tinea corporis
d. Tinea cruris
e. Tinea pedis
f. Tinea unguium |
| Fungal infections: | 1. Dermatophytosis/tinea
2. Candidiasis
3. Thrush |
| are caused by trauma
Infection and hemorrhage may
complicate wounds,
as do:
• Dehiscence
• Evisceration | Clinical aspects of the skin wounds |
| Clinical aspects of the skin wounds: wound healing: | fluid and cells drain
from the damaged tissue |
| Clinical aspects of the skin wounds: drainage may be: | serous,
sanguineous, serosanguineous,
purulent,
seropurulent |
| Various types of dressing are used
to protect wounded areas and
promote healing: | 1. Debridement
2. Escharotomy
3. Skin grafting |
| For deep wounds may require skin
grafting for proper healing: | 1. FTSG
2. STSG |
| to cause a lesion by means of
heat or similar lesion by other means.
Assess in terms of the depth of damage
and the percentage of BSA involved | BURNS |
| Depth of tissue destruction is
categorized as follows | 1. Superficial partial-thickness
2. Deep partial-thickness
3. Full-thickness |
| also known as
decubitus ulcer or bedsore: necrotic skin
lesions that appear where the body
rests on skin that covers bony
projection. | PRESSURE ULCERS |
| DERMATITIS | 1. Atopic dermatitis
2. Contact dermatitis
3. Seborrheic dermatitis |
| is the most common
type of human cancer. | SKIN CANCER |
| Types of skin cancer | 1. Malignant melanoma
2. Squamous cell carcninoma
3. Basal cell carcninoma
4. Kaposi sarcoma |
