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level: Sources of Antimicrobials

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Sources of Antimicrobials

Question	Answer
Examples of gram positive rods	Bacillus subtilis Bacillus polymyxa
Examples of ACTINOMYCETES	Streptomyces nodosus Streptomyces venezuelae Streptomyces aureofaciens Streptomyces erythraeus Streptomyces fradiae Streptomyces griseus Micromonospora purpureae
Examples of FUNGI	Cephalosporium spp. Penicillium grisofulvum Penicillium notatum
Source of Bacitracin	Bacillus subtilis
Source of Polymyxin	Bacillus polymyxa
Source of Amphotericin B	Streptomyces nodosus
Source of Chloramphenicol	Streptomyces venezuelae
Source of Chlortetracycline	Streptomyces aureofaciens
Source of Erythromycin	Streptomyces erythraeus
Source of Neomycin	Streptomyces fradiae
Source of Streptomycin	Streptomyces griseus
Source of Gentamicin	Micromonospora purpureae
Source of Cephalothin	Cephalosporium spp.
Source of Griseofulvin	Penicillium grisofulvum
Source of Penicillin	Penicillium notatum
• It is easy to find or develop drugs that are effective against what cells?	Prokaryotic cells
• Defined as the range of different microorganisms that an antibiotic or antimicrobial agent inhibits or kills them	Antimicrobial Spectrum
• These are antimicrobial agents showing efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria strains	Broad spectrum
• If the antimicrobial agent is only effective against either gram-positive or gram-negative	Narrow spectrum
• Arises when the growth of the target pathogen that has developed resistance to the antibiotic	Superinfection
The action of Antimicrobial activity	• Bactericidal • Bacteriostatic
• Agents that can totally kill microbes	Bactericidal
• Can only inhibit the growth	Bacteriostatic