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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
cell growth & development phase before division	Interphase
growth, development and division	Cell Life Cycle
cell grows & develops by synthesizing (making) the proteins that give organisms their traits and characteristics from DNA & RNA	Protein Synthesis
newly replicated DNA is checked for errors before the cell divides	Checkpoint
instructional genetic code for making the proteins that give living things their traits & characteristics - Double Helix shape inside nucleus in Eukaryotic cells - Circular shape in Prokaryotic cells	DNA
single stranded; uses DNA’s instructions to make proteins	RNA
monomer building block	Nucleotide
Deoxyribose Sugar in DNA or Ribose in RNA Phosphate (P) Nitrogen Base - Cytosine - Guanine - Adenine - Thymine in DNA or Uracil in RNA	Nucleotide
Hydrogen Bonds connect the nitrogen bases Cytosine to Guanine (“CG”) and Adenine to Thymine (“AT”) in DNA to form double helix or Adenine to Uracil (“AU”) in RNA	Base Pairing
each strand of double helix DNA	Sugar Phosphate Backbones
Protein Macromolecules monomer building block	Amino Acids
Traits are expressed by proteins Enzyme proteins catalyze (speed up) chemical rxns Structure (hair, nails, muscles) Transport substances - Ex: Hemoglobin allows red blood cells to transport oxygen Hormone Chemical Messengers - Some hormones are also lipids	Protein Functions
Proteins have unique shapes and functions True or False	True
DNA is replicated, so when the cell divides each new cell doesn’t end up with only half the required amount of DNA	DNA Replication
Proteins have a unique number and sequence of different amino acid building blocks	True