level: Level 1 of Chapter 21
Questions and Answers List
level questions: Level 1 of Chapter 21
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hypovolemic shock occur when 'how many percent of blood volume', or 'approximately how many units of blood', have been lost; | 10% blood volume or approximately 2 units of blood |
| Fetal distress occurs when 'how many blood volume is lost': | 25% |
| Summary of Primary Causes of Bleeding During Pregnancy: First and Second trimester: Threatened spontaneous miscarriage (early: under 16 weeks; late 16-27 weeks): Cause: Assessment Cautios: | Cause: Unknown; possibly chromosomal or uterine abnormalities Assessment: Vaginal spotting, perhaps slight cramping Cautions: Caution patients not to use tampons to halt bleeding as this can lead to infection. |
| Summary of Primary Causes of Bleeding During Pregnancy: First and Second trimester: Imminent (inevitable) miscarriage: Cause: Assessment: Cautions: | Cause: Unknown reasons but possibly poor placental attachment Assessment: Vaginal spotting, cramping, cervical dilatation Caution: not applicable |
| Summary of Primary Causes of Bleeding During Pregnancy: First and Second trimester: Missed miscarriage: Cause: Assessment: Caution: | Cause: Unknown possibly chromosomal or uterine abnormalities Assessment: Vaginal spotting, perhaps slight cramping; no apparent loss of pregnancy Caution: Rarely, disseminated intravascular coagulation is associated with missed miscarriage. |
| Summary of Primary Causes of Bleeding During Pregnancy: First and Second trimester: Incomplete spontaneous miscarriage: Cause: Assessment: Cautions: | Cause: Unknown; possibly chromosomal or uterine abnormalities Assessment: Vaginal spotting, cramping, cervical dilatation, but incomplete expulsion of uterine contents Caution: high risk of uterine infection and hemorrhage |