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Questions and Answers List

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Question	Answer
was a labor organization that sought to organise workers along the lines of industrial unions rather than the specialized trade, or craft, unions of the American Federation of Labor.	Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)
granted women the right to vote	19thAmendment
illegalized the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcohol	18thAmendment
getting a loan from your brokerage and using the money from the loan to invest in more securities than you can buy with your available cash	“Buying on margin"
was the automobile that was produced by the Ford Motor Company	Model T
was known as the founder of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) Formed in Jamaica to achieve Black nationalism	Marcus Garvey
wrote poetry, novels, plays, essays, and children’s books that promoted equality and condemned racism and injustice	Langston Hughes
during this the US feared recent immigrants and dissidents particularly those who embraced communist, socialist, or anarchist ideology	Red Scare
This group resurfaced in the 1920s which held political and social terrorists to maintain white Protestant and political power	Ku Klux Klan
limited the number of immigrants allowed entry into the US and completely prohibited immigration from Asia	Immigration Act of 1924
young women known for their energetic freedom, embracing a lifestyle viewed by many at the time as outrageous, immoral or downright dangerous	“Flappers”
sometimes called the Pact of Paris and was signed to outlaw war on Aug 27, 1928	Kellogg Briand Pact
The Teapot Dome Scandal involved Secretary of the Interior Albert Fall, who accepted large sums of money and valuable gifts from private oil companies. In exchange, Fall allowed the companies to control government oil reserves in Elk Hills, California, and Teapot Dome, Wyoming	Teapot Dome Scandal
was a president that believed in a limited role for government and worried that excessive federal intervention posed a threat to capitalism and individualism.	Herbert C. Hoover
was a president that was accused to the Teapot Dome scandal, his campaign slogan was “Return to normalcy,” and he reduced immigration to 3 percent	Warren Harding
Was originally the vice president for Harding, then became the president after Harding’s death. Was a contrast to Harding’s harsher attitude when it came to his presidency.	Calvin Coolidge
A fall in prices due to financial panic.	Stock Market Crash 1929
Towns that were built by people who were unemployed during the Great Depression. The reason that “Hoover” was because the people in the towns blamed Hoover for the Great Depression.	Hoovervilles
Would be used to protect farmers by increasing tariff on foreign goods.	Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act
A group of 20,000 WWI veterans who were greatly affected by the Great Depression and decided to set up camps near Hoover to intimidate him into giving them money. Hoover did not give them money and kicked them out by using the army.	Bonus Army
A dam that began construction under Hoover and was completed under FDR. Was used for irrigation, flood control and electricity.	Hoover Dam (Boulder Dam)
32nd President, served two terms and was an important figure during an economic crisis and world war.	Franklin D. Roosevelt
Happened during 1933-1940, was when FDR implemented many economic policies.	New Deal
Passed 77 laws during the first 100 days of FDR’s presidency. These laws were used to revive the economy.	“Hundred Days”
A severe drought, the top soil would get dry enough to fly away and often ruined crops.	Dust Bowl
FDR talked about various topics through radios. Citizens often saw FDR as a friend.	Fireside Chats
Would allow the treasure secretary to issue loans to banks that needed them.	Emergency Banking Act
Allowed the government to inspect banks. Banks usually were poor in management, had many errors when planning, and had very little capital.	Bank Holiday (1933)
this gave the President the power to regulate banking transactions and foreign exchange	Glass-Steagall Banking Act
the government agency that insures customer deposits if a bank fails	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
Paid farmers to reduce crops; funded by processing tax later declared unconstitutional	Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 (AAA)
Helped states to provide aid for the unemployed	Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
New Deal program that hired unemployed men to work on natural conservation projects	Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
Created to enforce codes of fair competition, minimum wages, and to permit collective bargaining of workers.	National Recovery Act (NRA of NIRA)
Helped construction workers get jobs doing public projects (highways, bridges, sewers)	Public Works Administration (PWA)
Hires jobless people to build public buildings and parks.	Works Progress Administration (WPA)
a critic of the New Deal; created the National Union for Social Justice; wanted a monetary inflation and the nationalization of the banking system	Father Charles Coughlin
created a tax on workers and employers. That money provided monthly pensions for retired people.	Social Security Act/Administration (SSA)
A relief, recovery, and reform effort that gave 2.5 million poor citizens jobs and land. It brought cheap electric power, low-cost housing, cheap nitrates, and the restoration of eroded soil.	Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
An independent federal agency that regulates interstate and international communication by radio, television, telephone, telegraph, cable, and satellite.	Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
President FDR's failed 1937 attempt to increase the number of US Supreme Court Justices from 9 to 15 in order to save his 2nd New Deal programs from constitutional challenges	Court Packing Plan
A federal law prohibiting government employees from active participation in partisan politics.	Hatch Act
ends on January 20th and members of congress end January 3rd.	20thAmendment Presidency
made alcohol legal again	21stAmendment
was an economic depression	Recession of 1937
made it illegal for Americans to sell or transport arms or other war machines.	Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, & 1937
for bases deal 50 Caldwell, Wicks, and Clemson class US Navy destroyers were transferred to the Royal Navy from US navy.	Destroyers
tried to strengthen the relationship between the US and Central and south American countries.	Good Neighbor Policy
ended the munitions embargo on a “cash and carry” basis.	Neutrality Act of 1939
set up a system that would allow the US to lend or lease war supplies to any nation deemed vital to the defense of the US.	Lend-Lease Act
surprised military strike by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service upon the US against the naval base	Attack on Pearl Harbor
authorized the forced removal of all persons deemed a threat to national security from the west coast to relocation centers further inland.	Executive Order 9066
agency of the US government that supervised war production during WWII	War Production Board
State of the Union Address from Roosevelt	Four Freedoms Speech
permitted millions of Mexican men to work legally in the US on short-term labor.	Bracero program
an African-American civil rights organization in the US	Congress of Racial Equality
Individuals during the war who communicated secret messages through lesser-known languages such as Navajo.	Code talkers
A conference held in 1945 meant to plan postwar peace.	Potsdam Conference
Military strategy where soldiers would bypass enemy Japanese islands.	Island Hopping/Leapfrogging
A nuclear project utilized to construct the Atom bomb	Manhattan Project
Devastating nukes dropped on Japan in order to evoke surrender.	Hiroshima and Nagasaki
33rd President of the United States.	Harry S. Truman
World War 2 Supreme Commander who also served as the 34th President of the United States	General Dwight D. Eisenhower
World War 2 general who possessed a pivotal role in the pacific theater.	General Douglas MacArthur
A series of riots in 1943 that took place in Los Angeles as a response to violence against Mexicans.	Zoot Suit Riots
The supreme court’s decision to uphold Japanese exclusion.	Korematsu v. US
Influential group of black pilots and airmen who fought in World War 2	Tuskegee Airmen
Cultural symbol and media icon meant to encourage Women to join the war.	Rosie the Riveter
Conference where the defeat of Nazi Germany was planned	Yalta Conference