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Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
A large number of children were born from 1926-1964. The peace and prosperity after WWII encouraged higher marriage and fertility rates.	“Baby Boom”
Foreign policy that claimed the only way to prevent Russia’s communist ideals from spreading was to contain it.	“Containment” doctrine
A person cannot serve as president for more than two terms.	22nd Amendment
June 1948-May 1949, the Soviet Union blocked the West’s access to Berlin. The US airlifted in supplies to Berlin in response so that Truman could exercise the containment policy.	Berlin Airlift
American writers and the phenomena they wrote about in the 1950s.	Beat Generation
Supreme Court decision in 1954 that stated that segregation in schools was unconstitutional, as it violated the 14th amendment. Marked the end of legal segregation in the US	Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
US general who led forces in D-Day and the 34th president.	Dwight Eisenhower
Eisenhower’s foreign policy, which said that the US would use armed forces in response to aggression shown towards the US.	Eisenhower Doctrine
A 14-year-old African American boy who was lynched in Mississippi in 1955 due to the accusation that he harassed a white woman (Carolyn Bryant	Emmett Till
Made June 25, 1941, this prohibited discrimination in the defense program.	Executive Order 8802
1949 message to Congress by Truman, which called for better housing, higher minimum wage, full employment, and the extension of social security	Fair Deal
He was a famous military official who oversaw the Allied occupation of postwar Japan.	Gen. Douglas MacArthur
This provided education opportunities for returning veterans from WWII. It also gave one year of unemployment compensation and loans to buy homes and start businesses.	GI Bill
A sequence of protests where 4 students sat in diners at white only lunch counters. They would refuse to give up their seats, and more protesters would come back to the diners, up to 100 at some points of the protests.	Greensboro Sit-ins
Created in 1938 in order to investigate rebellious and disloyal activities under any sort of suspect to being a communist.	HUAC
Created in 1956, authorized the construction of over 40,000 miles of highway road to be built nationwide. Known as the Eisenhower Interstate Highway System.	Interstate Highway Act
The artificial border between Europe that divided the communist side and the capitalist side of both WWII and the Cold War from 1945-1991.	Iron Curtain
Youngest president ever elected, elected in 1960. Sent marines into Vietnam in order to form the Peace Corps.	John F. Kennedy
First debates to ever be broadcasted on television and radio nationwide in the United States. Millions watched and listened to these debates all at once.	Kennedy-Nixon TV debates
The first “hot war” of the Cold War. Began in 1950 when North Koreans (soviet side) invaded into South Korea (U.S. side). The war ended in 1953 in a stalemate.	Korean War
The split between North Korea South Korea (A split between Communist North and Capitalist South)	38th parallel
Mass production and techniques in order for suburban New York to build homes cheap in order to help out with the housing shortage after WWII. Eventually became the symbol of people moving to the suburbs.	Levittown
Was an economic plan meant to loan money to Western Europe to help them recover from the War (and to also “persuade” eastern Europe to leave the Soviet influence over them)	Marshall Plan
A scare from former senator of Wisconsin made a witch hunt for “communist sympathizers in the US government.”	McCarthyism
A boycott in Montgomery, AL that started in 1955 after Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat on the bus and was arrested over this.	Montgomery Bus Boycott
Founded in 1958 in order to compete with Russia in the “Space Race.” It gained massive power and popularity after president Kennedy’s goal to reach the moon by the end of the 1960s (which obviously succeeded).	NASA
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization. an international organization that serves the purpose for security for the US, Canada, Britain and other smaller European countries.	NATO
A policy implemented by President Harry S. Truman in September of 1950. The National Security Council Paper number 68. It called for mobilization of the US economy during peacetime in the home front.	NSC-68
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Leading oil companies are now able to co-operate, this would maximize profit within the global market.	OPEC
A husband-and-wife duo that were accused and convicted of espionage in the 1950’s. They were accused of passing secrets to the soviets during and after WW2. They were later sentenced to death and were eventually executed in 1953.	Rosenberg Trial
The SCLC. This was an African American civil rights organization based in Atlanta Georgia. They formed after the success of the Montgomery Bus Boycott that was constructed by Montgomery Improvement Association.	Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Sputnik was the satellite that was launched by the Soviets. Its launch date 4 October 1957.	Sputnik
SNCC. Students using non-violent actions to induce change in America.	Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee
An invasion, mostly directed towards the Jews of Egypt, by Nasser (the president of Egypt) that would allow him to strip away the rights/citizenship of any group he desired.	Suez crisis
The Labor Management Relations act of 1947. US law that restricts the activities and power of different labor unions.	Taft-Hartley Act
The US should give support to countries of peoples threatened by Soviet forces. President Truman first created it.	Truman Doctrine
The UN, the succession to the league of nations. Will promote peace, security and cooperation between countries involved.	United Nations
A treaty of friendship, cooperation, and mutual assistance that was signed by the Soviet Union and seven other communist states of eastern Europe.	Warsaw Pact
An invasion that occurred April 17, 1961. 1400 Cuban exiles (backed by the CIA) launched a botched invasion at the Bay of Pigs. There were then plans for the US again back up the group and attempt an invasion once again.	Bay of Pigs invasion
A standoff between the US and USSR (including Cuba) for 11 days when the US found out their were nuclear missile sites in Cuba that held Russian missiles.	Cuban Missile Crisis
A wall splitting east and west Berlin to have less people try to leave for better life in the west.	Berlin Wall
A major civil rights march where about 250,000 people showed up to hear their leaders wanting better rights for minority groups in the US	March on Washington
A major leader in the civil rights movement and was assassinated in 1960	Martin Luther King, Jr.
A government agency used to improve the image of the US during the Cold War and also provide aid around the world.	Peace Corps
Domestic programs to improve America such as infrastructure.	"The Great Society"
Was policies put into place to help improve the situation minorities in the US.	Affirmative Action
An African American militia put into place to protect the rights of African Americans and protect major civil right leaders.	Black Panthers
Was foreign policy to cool down tension between the US and east.	Détente
Civil right group using buses to ride around the south to help the improve the situation for minorities in these states.	Freedom Riders
Independent government agency created to protect the natural growth of plants that come from the US.	Environmental Protection Agency
An amendment proposed to congress that stated civil rights will not be denied because of sex.	Equal Rights Amendment
38th President and the only president that wasn’t elected for president or VC.	Gerald Ford
authorized Pres. Johnson to take necessary means to retaliate and to promote maintenance of international peace and security in southeastern Asia	Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
born American politician who served as US Secretary of State and as National Security Adviser to try to end the war with as minimum damage as possible	Henry Kissinger: a German
more than 52 American diplomats and citizens were held hostage by a group of militarized Iranian students. The hostages that stayed alive were released on Jan 20, 1981	Iranian Hostage Crisis
retired politician who served as president and was known for creating a national energy policy that included conservation, price control, and new technology.	Jimmy Carter
in 1970 students protested the bombing of Cambodia by the US military forces and the guardsmen shot and killed four students. This event became the focal point of a nation deeply divided by the Vietnam War	Kent State University
was elected as Vice President and stepped up when Kennedy was assassinated. He was known to have a civil rights legacy by signing the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Civil Rights Act of 1968	Lyndon B Johnson
was born as Malcolm Little and was an American Muslim and human rights activist that advocated for Black empowerment and the promotion of Islam within the Black community	Malcolm X
prohibited all test detonators of nuclear weapons except for those conducted underground	Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
a case which the Court held that the President does not have executive privilege in immunity from subpoenas or other civil court actions, and was significant towards the late stages of the Watergate scandal, when there was an ongoing impeachment process against Richard Nixon	US v. Nixon
explained how indiscriminate application of agricultural chemicals, pesticides, and other modern chemical polluted our streams, damaged bird and animal populations, and caused severe medical problems for humans	Rachel Carson/Silent Spring
served as his brother’s closest advisor until the latter’s 1963 assassination. His tenure is known for advocating for the civil rights movement, the fight against organized crime and the Mafia, and involvement in US foreign policy related to Cuba	Robert F Kennedy
was an American business executive and the 8th US Secretary of Defense. He was known for revamping the Pentagon operations and played a major role in the nation’s military involvement in the Vietnam War	Robert McNamara
was elected as the 37th president and previously serving as a US Representative and a US Senator. He was known for the Alger Hiss case established his reputation as a leading anti-Communist, which elevated his to national prominence and was eventually elected to Senate	Richard M. Nixon
The Strategic Arms Limitation Talks were two rounds of bilateral conferences and corresponding international treaties involving the US and the USSR on nuclear arms control (1972-1979)	S.A.L.T. II
Supporters of Richard Nixon who did not publicly express their support.	Silent Majority
A college student founded organization that made the Port Huron Statement, which declared their grievances with consumer culture, the rich, and the Vietnam War.	Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)
A major offensive by North Vietnam on several cities in South Vietnam, including the US embassy, that disturbed American confidence in the US government.	Tet Offensive
A nuclear plant in Pennsylvania that almost had a reactor core meltdown, thus leading to a ban on the future production of nuclear plants.	Three Mile Island
Also known as the South Vietnam National Liberation Front (NLF), the Vietcong worked to unite North and South Vietnam (through takeover) and used guerrilla warfare in the Vietnam War. To the US’ surprise, the Vietcong were able to launch a massive assault known as the Tet Offensive.	Vietcong
A law that restricted the President’s ability to send troops in a conflict without the consent of Congress.	War Powers Act
A scandal regarding Richard Nixon’s men caught spying on the Democratic National Committee. Though Nixon denied any involvement, his claims appeared incredible, so he decided to be the first president to resign his office.	Watergate
Allowed the government to intervene to make sure that minorities could vote.	Voting Rights Act of 1965
Six days of rioting in Los Angeles that was sparked by the arrest of a young Black motorist. There were 34 deaths, and the riot showed the growing racial tensions in America.	Watts Riots
Made discrimination illegal in employment based on race, religion, national origin, and sex. The act also brought about equal access to public accommodations and education.	Civil Rights Act of 1964
An addition to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that made discrimination illegal in the sale, rental, and financing of homes	Civil Rights Act of 1968
An amendment that does not allow Senators and House Members to have their salaries changed until the next election occurs. This was done to reduce corruption in the government.	27th Amendment
A new US policy during the Vietnam war that left most of the fighting back onto South Vietnamese soldiers in order to protect American lives.	Vietnamization
A series of documents outlining America’s role in Vietnam that was leaked to the press. It led to a Supreme Court case where the court defended the press’ ability to not be restricted by the government.	Pentagon Papers