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ORG MED LEC
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Aminoglycosides.ppt
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Aminoglycoside Resistance
level: Aminoglycoside Resistance
Questions and Answers List
level questions: Aminoglycoside Resistance
Question
Answer
Strains carrying R factors for resistance to aminoglycosides synthesize enzymes that are capable of __
1 Acetylating 2 Phosphorylating 3 Adenylylating key amino or hydroxyl groups
1 Resistant strains have emerged against what aminoglycoside drugs in the clinic? 2 Is responsible for the production of aminoglycoside deactivating enzymes
1 Streptomycin, Kanamycin, Gentamicin 2 R factors
1 What are the R factors?
1 Acetyl transferases (AAC) 2 Phosphotransferases (APH) 3 Nucleotidyl transferases (ANT)
These R factors transfer to __
hydoxyl and amino groups of the drug
Responsible for acetylating the amino groups in the structure from Ring I to Ring II
Aminoacetyl transferase (AAC)
Phosphorylate the hydroxyl groups from Ring I and III
Aminoglycoside Phosphotransferase (APH)
Ways to overcome microbial resistance
1 Remove the target functional group 2 Steric Factors may confer resistance to attack at functionalities otherwise susceptible to enzymatic attack.
Aminoglycosides that lack the 3 OH ring I which makes them resistant to APH
Gentamicin, Tobramycin
It serves as a steric factor to protect the functional groups from attack
1-N-L-(-)-AMINO-A-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID or L-AHBA