| What is the order of the Linnaean hieratical system | Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species |
| Define asexual reproduction | The organism is capable of reproducing an offspring in the absence of a mate. |
| Define sexual reproduction | The production of new organisms by the combination of genetic information of two individuals of different sexes. |
| Define characteristics of R selected species | High growth rates, many offsprings, low survivability |
| Define characteristics of K selected species | Slow growth rates, fewer offspring, high survivability |
| Define cladistics | Biological classification system that involves the categorization of organisms based on common traits and characteristics. |
| Define a clade | A group of biological taxa (such as species) that includes all descendants of one common ancestor. |
| Define taxa | A group of organisms classified as a unit. |
| What is the Lincoln index? | A statistical measure which allows for the estimation individual species populations. They are captured, marked, and released. |
| What is an interspecific hybrid? | The cross breeding of two different species from the same genus, which produce an infertile offspring. (eg. a mule) |
| What is Specht's classification | Identification of an ecosystem type through observation of canopy cover, and the height and form of dominant vegetation. |
| Define a quadrat | A frame or square placed on the ground of an ecosystem, where anything within the frame is counted. |
| Define a transect | A straight line that cuts through a natural landscape so that standardized observations and measurements can be made. |
| Define stratification | The vertical layering of a habitat; the arrangement of vegetation in layers |
| Define an ecoregion | An area defined by its environmental conditions, especially climate, landforms, and soil characteristics. |
| Define the biological term, species | Two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. |
| Define a habitat | A habitat is a place where an organism makes its home. |
| What is the primary assumption made in a phytogenic tree? | All sequences are homologous, therefore all from a common ancestor. |
| Identify one example of an interspecific hybrid that does not produce fertile offspring. | A mule (a hybrid between a donkey and horse) |
| Explain how stratafied sampling minimises bias | Stratified sampling reduces bias by dividing the population into distinct groups and sampling proportionally from each group, ensuring a representative sample. |
