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level: Level 2 (Risks of Intravenous Therapy)

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 2 (Risks of Intravenous Therapy)

Question	Answer
results if a product contaminated with bacteria is infused into a patient. - human touch contamination continues to be the most common source of IV related contamination.	Infection
INCIDENCE IS LOW, because many solutions are administered using infusion pumps equipped with an alarm that sound when air is in the IV line. in adults it takes 150 OR 200 ML of AIR (much less in infants or pediatric patient) given quickly to result in harm.	Air embolus
infusion pumps equipped with an alarm that sound when air is in the IV line. These are called __	air-in-line alarms.
when the IV catheter is removed, __ may occur around the catheter site.	Bleeding
when a patient has an __ to a substance given parenterally, the reaction is usually more severe than if the same substance was given by another route (e.g. mouth, topically, or rectally) - one reason for this is that substances given parenterally cannot be retrieved like substances given by other routes.	allergic reaction
if an __ exists, the drug might PRECIPITATE, BE INACTIVATED, OR ADHERE to the container. if there are __ in solutions, it should not be administered to patients.	Incompatibilities
occurs when the catheter punctures and EXITS THE VEIN UNDER THE SKIN, causing drugs to infuse or INFILTRATE INTO THE TISSUE.	Extravasation
refers to PARTICLES PRESENT in parenteral products. When injected into the bloodstream can cause adverse effects to the patient. ex. - microscopic glass fragments - hair - lint or cotton fibers - cardboard fragments - undissolved drug particles - fragments of rubber stoppers	Particulate matter
the by-products or REMNANTS OF BACTERIA, can cause reactions (e.g. fever and chills) if injected in large enough amounts.	Pyrogens
Irritation of the vein. Caused by: - the drug being administered (due to it chemical properties or its concentration) - the location of the IV site - a fast rate of administration - the presence of particulate matter - the patient usually feels pain or discomfort along the path of the vein (often severe) and red streaking may also occur	Phlebitis
What are the risks of IV Therapy?	1 Infection 2 Air embolus 3 Bleeding 4 allergic reaction 5 Incompatibilities 6 Extravasation 7 Particulate matter 8 Pyrogens 9 Phlebitis