| A physical quantity that has only magnitude (size) and no direction. | Scalar Quantity |
| What is a scalar quantity? | A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that has only magnitude (size) and no direction. |
| A physical quantity that has both magnitude (size) and direction. | Vector Quantity |
| What is a vector quantity? | A vector quantity is a physical quantity that has both magnitude (size) and direction. |
| Energy, mass, length, speed, and density are examples of scalar quantities. | Examples of Scalars |
| What are some examples of scalar quantities? | Energy, mass, length, speed, and density are examples of scalar quantities. |
| Displacement, velocity, momentum, acceleration, and forces (e.g., weight, friction) are examples of vector quantities. | Examples of Vectors |
| What are some examples of vector quantities? | Displacement, velocity, momentum, acceleration, and forces (e.g., weight, friction) are examples of vector quantities. |
| Vectors can be represented with arrows, where the length of the arrow shows the magnitude, and the direction shows the direction of the vector. | Vector Representation |
| How are vectors represented? | Vectors can be represented with arrows, where the length of the arrow shows the magnitude, and the direction shows the direction of the vector. |
| A diagram that represents the direction and magnitude of forces acting on an object, often depicting the object as a point or a box. | Free Body Diagram |
| What is a free body diagram? | A free body diagram is a diagram that represents the direction and magnitude of forces acting on an object, often depicting the object as a point or a box. |
| In a free body diagram, the object is typically shown as a point or a box. | Object Representation |
| How is the object represented in a free body diagram? | In a free body diagram, the object is typically shown as a point or a box. |
| Arrows in a free body diagram represent forces, showing their direction and relative magnitude. | Arrow Representation |
| What do arrows represent in a free body diagram? | Arrows in a free body diagram represent forces, showing their direction and relative magnitude. |
| The combined effect of all the forces acting on an object, often denoted as the vector sum of the individual forces. | Resultant Force |
| What is a resultant force? | The resultant force is the combined effect of all the forces acting on an object, often denoted as the vector sum of the individual forces. |
| When all the forces in a free body diagram cancel each other out or balance, the object has a zero resultant force. | Zero Resultant Force |
| What does a zero resultant force indicate in a free body diagram? | A zero resultant force indicates that all the forces in a free body diagram cancel each other out or balance, meaning the object has a zero resultant force. |
| Forces often included in a free body diagram are the normal contact force, weight, friction, upthrust, and drag or air resistance. | Forces Included in Free Body Diagrams |
| What are some forces commonly included in free body diagrams? | Forces often included in a free body diagram are the normal contact force, weight, friction, upthrust, and drag or air resistance. |
| Several forces acting on an object can be replaced by one resultant force, having the same effect as the combined forces. | Combined Forces |
| How can several forces acting on an object be replaced? | Several forces acting on an object can be replaced by one resultant force, having the same effect as the combined forces. |
| If combined forces act in the same direction, you add them together; if they act in opposite directions, you subtract them. | Direction of Forces |
| How do you determine the direction of the resultant force? | If combined forces act in the same direction, you add them together; if they act in opposite directions, you subtract them. |
| A single force at an angle can be separated into two forces at right angles to each other, having the same effect as the single force. | Forces at an Angle |
| What can be done with a single force at an angle? | A single force at an angle can be separated into two forces at right angles to each other, having the same effect as the single force. |
| You can use a scale diagram to find the resultant force on an object | Step 1: Measure the length of one force arrow. |
| You can use a scale diagram to find the resultant force on an object | Step 2: Draw a new force arrow parallel to the measured force. |
| You can use a scale diagram to find the resultant force on an object | Step 3: Repeat for the other force arrow to make a parallelogram. |
| You can use a scale diagram to find the resultant force on an object | Step 4: Measure the length of the diagonal of the parallelogram. |
| You can use a scale diagram to find the resultant force on an object | Step 5: Calculate the scale factor by dividing one of the forces by the length of its arrow. |
| You can use a scale diagram to find the resultant force on an object | Step 6: Multiply the length of the diagonal by the scale factor to find the resultant force. |
| In this example, the resultant force is 24° away from the 30 N force. | Step 7: Find the direction of the resultant force using a protractor. |
| When the forces acting on an object are balanced, resulting in zero resultant force, the object is in equilibrium. | Equilibrium |
| What does it mean when forces acting on an object are balanced? | When forces acting on an object are balanced, resulting in zero resultant force, the object is in equilibrium. |
| Forces that produce zero resultant force and keep an object in equilibrium. | Balanced Forces |
| What do "balanced forces" mean for an object? | "Balanced forces" mean an object is in equilibrium, not accelerating or decelerating. |
| Forces that produce a nonzero resultant force, causing an object to accelerate or decelerate. | Unbalanced Forces |
| What happens when forces acting on an object are unbalanced? | An unbalanced force causes acceleration or deceleration and indicates that the object is not in equilibrium. |
