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level: APPLIED ANATOMY OF THE ROOT

Questions and Answers List

level questions: APPLIED ANATOMY OF THE ROOT

Question	Answer
It is where the pulp is located and found at the center of the tooth; It is unique for every tooth and is highly variable	ROOT CANAL SYSTEM
Common teeth to expose pulp horns	mn 1st premolars and molars in young patients
encloses the coronal pulp	pulp chamber
houses the radicular pulp	root canal
highest area following the cusps	pulp horn
minute structures leading to PDL	RC, LC, AC
part of the root canal system not seen in some cases; formed by the branchin pattern of lateral and apical canals	Apical delta
basis of access prep	Enamel triangle
accentuation of cementum towards pulp chamber inside	LINGUAL SHELF
Average distance of apical constriction	0.5-.0.7mm
Safety clearance/allowance	0.5 to 1 mm
delineation between pulp tissue (ends) and PDL (starts)	CDJ
Terminate working length at ______ in order to have ______	Apical Constriction; APICAL STOP
The shape of the pulp chamber and the outline of the canals is a reflection of the outline of the	surface of the crown and root.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR:roof location	Cervical 3rd of the crown
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR:roof color	yellowish
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR:roof dentinal map	Absent
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR:roof texture	Rough, no definite shape
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR: floor location	cervical 3rd of the root
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR: floor color	darker
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR: floor dentinal map	present
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE ROOF AND THE FLOOR: floor texture	Smooth, convex
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL: This technique is done by thinning down the tooth structure longitudinally or cross sectionally with carborandum stone/separating disk	Ground section
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL: The tooth is decalcified using hydrochloric acid and thinned down using microtome; Can be stained further	Histologic
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL: A two dimensional picture of a three dimensional object	Radiographic
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL(disadvantage): histologic	true features of the canal might be destroyed during processing
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL(disadvantage): ground section	Might destroy the real features of the anatomy
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL(disadvantage): radiographic	only the dimensions is seen but not the depth
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL(disadvantage): Computed tomography (CT)	radiation exposure is high
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL: he tooth is decalcified with 10% HCI and the canal is injected with Methylene blue and cleared with Methyl Methacrylate (Oil of Wintergreen), making the tooth transparent	Clearing Technique
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL: The tooth is decalcified and injected with a fast setting fluid acrylic and the tooth is split to expose the hardened impression of the internal anatomy.	Acrylic cast/silicone injection
METHODS OF STUDYING THE ANATOMY OF THE ROOT CANAL: New image reconstruction techniques provide information of the root canal anatomy in three dimension; No need to reexpose patient for potential retakes	Computed tomography (CT)
Irritants:results in small pulp chamber	pulp stone
Irritants:causes changes in the dentinal wall (wider)	internal resorption
Irritants:would lead to a canal orifice that is black, small pulp chamber	calcifiction
APEXOGENESIS/APEXIFICATION: Pulp is vital	APEXOGENESIS
APEXOGENESIS/APEXIFICATION: Formation/growth of apex	APEXOGENESIS
APEXOGENESIS/APEXIFICATION: Retain vitality of pulp	APEXOGENESIS
APEXOGENESIS/APEXIFICATION: CaOH: tertiary dentin formation	APEXOGENESIS
APEXOGENESIS/APEXIFICATION: RCT, fill the area	APEXIFICATION
APEXOGENESIS/APEXIFICATION: Arrest/stop the progression and seal the canal	APEXIFICATION
APEXOGENESIS/APEXIFICATION: treatment for apex that is not fully formed	APEXIFICATION
Developmental Anomalies: a severe bend or distortion Of a tooth root and crown 45-90 degrees; Final obturation is important	Dilacerations
Developmental Anomalies: has exaggerated long pulp chamber and long crown; bifurcation of root is lower toward apical	Taurodontism (bull or prism teeth)
Developmental Anomalies: tooth within a tooth appears in the coronal third of the tooth	Dens en dente (dens invaginatus)
Developmental Anomalies: big sized crown usually located in central incisors and canine	Macrodontia
Developmental Anomalies: small sized crown usually located in maxillary lateral and third molar	Microdontia
wearing away of tooth structure caused by grinding, old age, There is deposition of cementum (cementosis) on the root portion of the tooth	Attrition
wearing away of tooth structure caused by mechanical means	Abrasion
wearing away of tooth structure caused by chemical	Erosion
Impact from trauma:causes widening of the root canal	Internal resorption
Impact from trauma:may cause the remaining area Of the tooth to have an exposed pulp on the radicular area poor prognosis	External resorption
Internal resorption tx	thermoplastic gutta percha wider radicular area
External resorption tx	Extraction can be done if tooth is already perforated
VERTUCCI'S CANAL CONFIGURATION: A single canal extends from the pulp chamber to the apex	TYPE I
VERTUCCI'S CANAL CONFIGURATION: two separate canals leave the pulp chamber and join short of the apex to form one canal.; premolar (mb root ng molar)	TYPE II
VERTUCCI'S CANAL CONFIGURATION: One canal leaves the pulp chamber and divides into two in the root; the two then merge to exit as one canal	TYPE III
VERTUCCI'S CANAL CONFIGURATION: Two separate, distinct canals extend from the pulp chamber to the apex.; mx first pm	TYPE IV
VERTUCCI'S CANAL CONFIGURATION: One canal leaves the pulp chamber and divides short of the apex into two separate, distinct canals with separate apical foramina; mx first/second pm; mn second pm	TYPE V
VERTUCCI'S CANAL CONFIGURATION:Two separate canals leave the pulp chamber, merge in the body of the root, and separate short of the apex to exit as two distinct canals. (middle 3rd join)	TYPE VI
VERTUCCI'S CANAL CONFIGURATION:One canal leaves the pulp chamber, divides and then rejoins in the body of the root, and finally separates into two distinct canals short of the apex (join at border of middle third and apical third)	TYPE VII
VERTUCCI'S CANAL CONFIGURATION:Three separate, distinct canals extend from the pulp chamber to the apex	TYPE VIII
A narrow passage connecting two larger structures	ISTHMUS
TYPE I	1-1
TYPE II	2-1
TYPE III	1-2-1
TYPE IV	2-2
TYPE V	1-2
TYPE VI	2-1-2
TYPE VII	1-2-1-2
TYPE VIII	3-3