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level: Cerebrospinal fluid

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Cerebrospinal fluid

Question	Answer
Fluid in the spinal cord and brain that regulate the intracranial pressure	Cerebrospinal Fluid
What produces the CSF	Choroid plexus
Normal volume of Cerebrospinal Fluid	90 - 150 ml
Volume of CSF in the ventricle	23 ml
Volume of the CSF in the subarachnoid space	117 ml
Color that indicates presence of microorganisms	Yellowish
Normal transparency of CSF	Clear
Normal color of CSF	Colorless
Normal intracranial pressure	5 - 7.5 mmHg
Specific gravity of CSF	1.003 - 1.008
Components of CSF	Glucose and proteins
Position of the patient when collecting CSF	Fetal
When collecting CSF, the doctor will insert the needle between the___ and ___ lumbar vertebrae	4th, 5th
Allows passage of CSF from the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle	Foramen of Monro
Foramen of Monro is also known as	Interventricular Foramen
Consists of two openings, one on each side (left and right)	Foramen of Luschka
Foramen of Luschka is also known as	Lateral Aperture
Foramen of Magendie is also know as	Median Aperture
The CSF is produced in the ___ of the Choroid Plexus	Lateral ventricle
CSF will travel through the third ventricle via the ___	Foramen of Monro
The CSF passes from the lateral ventricles to the ___ through the interventricular foramen	3rd ventricle
The CSF flows through the ___ into the fourth ventricle	Cerebral Aqueduct
Cerebral Aqueduct is also known as	Aqueduct of Sylvius
After passing through the Cerebral Aqueduct, the CSF will flow through the ___	4th ventricle
After the fourth ventricle the, CSF will flow into the ___	Subarachnoid space
The CSF that enters the Foramen of Magendie (Median Aperture) will then enter the ___	Central canal of the spinal cord
The CSF that will enter the two Foramen of Luschka (left and right lateral aperture) will nourish both parts of the ___	Brain
Only ___ of the CSF will remain within the brain– it won’t be able to nourish the whole spinal cord so the choroid plexus will produce CSF again	30%
Inflammation of the brain	Encephalitis
Type of infection that is more dangerous	Bacterial
Inflammation of the meninges	Meningitis
Covering of the brain or spinal cord	Meninges
Accumulation of CSF in the ventricles of the brain due to blockage of the openings in the 4th ventricle or cerebral aqueduct	Hydrocephalus
The __ of a newborn is very soft so if there is concentration of the CSF on this part, there is a tendency for the __ to accept the pressure, leading to its enlargement	Fontanelle
Viral disease transmitted by the bite of an infected animal	Rabies
Symptoms of Rabies	Pharyngeal muscle spasm, hydrophobia, aggression, paralysis, death
Toxin causes muscle contraction & prevents muscle relaxation (lockjaw)	Tetanus
Cause of Tetanus	Clostridium tetani
An autoimmune condition caused by viral infection; The myelin sheath around the axons become sclerotic or hard resulting in poor conduction of axons in action potentials	Multiple Sclerosis
Defects in motor functions or coordination resulting from several types of brain damage	Cerebral palsy
Group of nucleus present at the cerebrum, diencephalon, midbrain (involved in motor functions)	Basal nuclei
Characteristics of Cerebral Palsy when face, neck & tongue muscles are involved	Grimacing, protrusion, writhing of tongue, difficulty in speaking and swallowing
Characterized by muscular rigidity, resting tremor, a slow shuffling gait & general lack of movement, is caused by lesion in another part of the basal nuclei	Parkinson's Disease
May be cause by: - Hemorrhage or bleeding into the tissue - A clot (thrombus) in blood vessel (BV) - A piece of clot (embolus) that has broken loose & float through the circulation until it reaches & blocks a small vessel	Cerebrovascular Accident
Cerebrovascular Accident is also known as ___	Stroke
Leads to insufficiency of oxygen on the area of the brain	Thrombus
A piece of clot that has broken loose & float through the circulation until it reaches & blocks a small vessel	Embolus
A group of brain disorders that have seizure episodes	Epilepsy
Type of headache caused by the inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, dental irritations, eye disorders, muscle tension	Extracranial
Type of headache caused by meningitis, encephalitis, ventricular enlargement, mechanical damage or tumors	Intracranial
Shrinking of the Cerebrum	Alzheimer’s Disease