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level: REPORT 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: REPORT 1

Question	Answer
an establishment of the individuality of a person either dead or living	Dental identification
Ancestry:Carabelli trait	European
Ancestry:bilobate chin	European
Ancestry:undulating mandibular border	European
Ancestry:deep canine fossae	European
Ancestry:multicusped and multiple premolars	African
Ancestry:maxillary midline diastemas	African
Ancestry:straight mandibular border	African
Ancestry:prognathism	African
Ancestry:shovel shaped incisors	asian
Ancestry:incisor rotations	asian
Ancestry:buccal pits	asian
Ancestry:extension of the enamel below the general contour of the enamel border on the buccal surface of mandibular molars, often into the furcation	asian
Postmortem record is usually on what form	pink form
This profile may provide information on the decedent’s age, ancestry, sex, location of origin or residence, occupation, habits, lifestyle behavior, past or present systemic diseases, and socioeconomic status	POSTMORTEM RECORD
POSTMORTEM RECORD locate, identify and document:	anatomical structures, dental restorations, dental appliance
establish postmortem dental profiling in cases where there is no _____ of the individual	presumptive identity
may help to limit the population pool of possible victims, thus directing the investigator to a presumptive identification of the individual and a potential identification.	POSTMORTEM RECORD
This profile may provide information on the decedent’s age, ancestry, sex, location of origin or residence, occupation, habits, lifestyle behavior, past or present systemic diseases, and socioeconomic status	POSTMORTEM RECORD
microscopic examination of the pulp tissue observing the nuclei of somatic cells: females	barr bodies
microscopic examination of the pulp tissue observing the nuclei of somatic cells: males	no barr bodies
Because of the high degree of fragility of burned teeth, extreme care must be taken during the postmortem examination to prevent additional. A recommended technique is to apply a stabilizing adhesive such as ________ to the fragile teeth to help maintain their anatomical integrity	cyanoacrylate cement
used to stabilize calcined teeth.	Transparent nail polish, hair spray, or cyanoacrylate
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION: The ____used by the local authority	case number
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The name of the person ____ your services	requesting
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ____ you were contacted	date and time
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The date and time that the ____	examination occurred
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ______ of the examination	jurisdiction and the location
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The ____ at the time of the examination	person(s) that was/were present
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The name of the ________ assigned to the case	medical examiner or coroner
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:The _____, and approximate age	gender, race
CONSISTENT PROTOCOL FOR DATA COLLECTION:In some cases, a ________ may be available, which should also be recorded	putative identification
When the specimen is skeletonized, resected, or badly burned, the x-ray exposure settings may require a reduction in the beam’s energy by as much as ____	50%
identifiable and observable aspects of a person's body or other evidence in a crime scene	VIEWABLE REMAINS
aspects of a crime scene or evidence that are not easily visible to the naked eye or require specialized tools and techniques for detection or analysis	NONVIEWABLE REMAINS
postmortem change resulting in the stiffening of the body muscles due to chemical changes in their myofibrils	Rigor mortis
“rigor becomes apparent within _____, increases progressively to a maximum within ____, remains for about ______, and then progressively disappears within the following _____” - Spitz and Fisher	half an hour to an hour; twelve hours; ten to twelve hours; twelve hours
Generated during a person’s lifetime	ANTEMORTEM RECORD
crucial step in dental identification and the quality of these records is totally dependent in practicing dentists keeping accurate records of the dental status of their patients.	ANTEMORTEM RECORD
uses specific characteristics to come to a reasonable basis of identity for the unknown individual	Presumptive/putative identification
Presumptive/putative identification:often based on ____________ and can assist in the accumulation of medical/dental records to be used in the scientific identification process	circumstantial evidence
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data match in sufficient detail to establish that they are from the same individual. In addition, there are no irreconcilable discrepancies	Positive identification
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data have consistent features, but, due to the quality of either the postmortem remains or the antemortem evidence, it is not possible to positively establish dental identification	Possible identification
CONCLUSIONS:The available information is insufficient to form the basis for a conclusion	Insufficient evidence
CONCLUSIONS:The antemortem and postmortem data are clearly inconsistent	Exclusion
Occasions may arise where the examiner is working with skeletal remains and is unable to locate dental records. Identification then may be attempted by the use of	photographic facial superimposition
The skull is then photographed in an attempt to match the exact position of the three planes seen in the photograph of the individual	photographic facial superimposition
The examiner will then compare the following common features seen in the superimposed images: the outline of the skull to the soft tissues of the face, the orbit to the eye, the brow ridges to the eyebrows, the zygomatic process to the cheek bones, the nasal aperture to the nose, and, most importantly, the superimposition of the teeth. Often, ___ is done concordantly with this technique	DNA
When the medical examiner’s investigative process toward establishing a presumptive identity for the victim is unsuccessfully complete; combination of science and art	anthropologist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction: estimated age, ancestry, sex, and stature	forensic dentist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction:racial characteristics seen in the teeth and any unusual dental traits or anomalies	forensic dentist
The forensic artist will consult with many different forensic specialists before beginning the reconstruction:hair color, eye glasses, facial hair, and unusual clothing or jewelry	law enforcement agencies
methods of facial reconstruction:sketch of the unidentified accomplished upon life size photographs of the skull	2-D method
methods of facial reconstruction:clay to be applied to the actual skull in an attempt to render a sculpture of the unidentified subject	3-D method
3-D method: The artist uses known _____ for each anatomical location of the skull	“tissue thickness stops”
study of the patterns formed by the wrinkles and grooves of the labial mucosa (sulci labiorum) forming a characteristic pattern described as “lip prints”	Cheiloscopy
In 1974, _________confirmed that the lip print was the same trauma and after healing	Suzuki and Tschihashi
CHEILOSCOPY: As described by Fisher in 1902, it was first used in criminology in 1932 by ________ in France	Edmond Locard
Problems with dental identification	1. Absence of antemortem records 2. Absence of acquired dental tracts for identification 3. Limitations for storing dental records for certain period 4. Poor quality dental record