| Specialized male reproductive cells responsible for fertilizing the egg cell. | Sperm Cells |
| What is the function of sperm cells? | Sperm cells are specialized to carry male DNA to the female egg cell for fertilization. |
| The long, flexible structure at one end of a sperm cell, enabling movement. | Tail |
| What is the role of the tail in sperm cells? | The tail enables sperm cells to swim toward the egg cell for fertilization. |
| Organelles responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP. | Mitochondria |
| Why do sperm cells contain a large number of mitochondria? | Mitochondria provide energy for sperm cell movement, crucial for reaching the egg cell. |
| A structure located in the head of sperm cells containing enzymes. | Acrosome |
| What is the function of the acrosome in sperm cells? | The acrosome contains enzymes that help sperm cells penetrate the egg cell membrane during fertilization. |
| A nucleus containing half the usual number of chromosomes found in diploid cells. | Haploid Nucleus |
| Why is the nucleus of a sperm cell haploid? | The haploid nucleus ensures that when sperm combines with an egg, the resulting zygote has the correct diploid chromosome number. |
| Deoxyribonucleic acid, the genetic material containing the instructions for cellular function and development. | DNA |
| What does the nucleus of a sperm cell contain? | The nucleus of a sperm cell contains the male DNA required for fertilization. |
| The fusion of a sperm cell with an egg cell, resulting in the formation of a zygote. | Fertilization |
| What is the ultimate goal of a sperm cell? | The ultimate goal of a sperm cell is to fertilize an egg cell, initiating the process of embryo development. |
| A specialized female reproductive cell responsible for carrying the female DNA and supporting embryo development. | Egg Cell |
| What is the main function of an egg cell? | The main function of an egg cell is to carry the female DNA and support embryo development. |
| The central part of a cell that contains genetic material, including DNA. | Nucleus |
| What does the nucleus of an egg cell contain? | The nucleus of an egg cell contains the female DNA required for fertilization. |
| A nucleus containing half the usual number of chromosomes found in diploid cells. | Haploid Nucleus |
| Why is the nucleus of an egg cell haploid? | The haploid nucleus ensures that when an egg combines with a sperm, the resulting zygote has the correct diploid chromosome number. |
| The process of combining genetic material from a sperm cell and an egg cell to form a zygote. | Fertilization |
| What occurs during fertilization? | Fertilization involves the fusion of the haploid nucleus of a sperm cell with the haploid nucleus of an egg cell to form a diploid zygote. |
| The semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell, controlling the passage of substances in and out of the cell. | Cell Membrane |
| What happens to the egg cell's membrane after fertilization? | After fertilization, the egg cell's membrane changes to prevent additional sperm from entering, ensuring the correct amount of DNA in the resulting embryo. |
| The gel-like substance within a cell, containing organelles and other cellular structures. | Cytoplasm |
| What is the role of the cytoplasm in an egg cell? | The cytoplasm of an egg cell contains nutrients that nourish the developing embryo after fertilization. |
| The early stage of development of a multicellular organism following fertilization. | Embryo |
| How does the egg cell support embryo development? | The egg cell provides nutrients in its cytoplasm to nourish the developing embryo, supporting its growth and development. |
| A specialized cell with hair-like structures called cilia on its surface, found lining certain parts of the body such as the airways and oviducts. | Ciliated Epithelial Cell |
| Where are ciliated epithelial cells commonly found in the body? | Ciliated epithelial cells are commonly found lining parts of the body such as the airways and oviducts. |
| Hair-like structures protruding from the surface of cells, capable of rhythmic beating movements. | Cilia |
| What is the function of cilia on ciliated epithelial cells in the airways? | In the airways, the cilia on ciliated epithelial cells beat rhythmically to sweep away mucus and other particles, preventing them from damaging the lungs. |
| A sticky, viscous fluid secreted by mucous membranes, serving to trap dust, bacteria, and other particles. | Mucus |
| How does mucus contribute to respiratory health? | Mucus traps bacteria, dust, and other particles in the airways, preventing them from reaching and damaging the lungs. |
| A duct through which eggs pass from an ovary to the uterus or to the outside of the body, also known as a fallopian tube. | Oviduct |
| What role do ciliated epithelial cells play in the oviducts of women? | In the oviducts, ciliated epithelial cells help move the egg cell along the oviduct towards the uterus, facilitating its journey for potential fertilization. |
| The process of combining genetic material from a sperm cell and an egg cell to form a zygote. | Fertilization |
| Why is the movement of egg cells facilitated by ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct important? | The movement of egg cells facilitated by ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct is crucial for transporting the egg cell to the uterus, where fertilization may occur. |
| The organ in the female reproductive system where a fertilized egg can implant and develop into a fetus. | Uterus |
| What is the ultimate destination of an egg cell moved by ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct? | The ultimate destination of an egg cell moved by ciliated epithelial cells in the oviduct is the uterus, where it can potentially implant and develop into a fetus. |
| The process by which food is broken down in the body into smaller, absorbable components. | Digestion |
| What happens to mucus swallowed after being swept to the back of the throat by ciliated epithelial cells? | Mucus swallowed after being swept to the back of the throat by ciliated epithelial cells is broken down during digestion. |
