| The arrangement of electrons in the electron shells of an atom. | Electronic Configuration |
| What does the electronic configuration of an atom describe? | It describes which electron shells the atom's electrons occupy. |
| Energy levels surrounding the nucleus of an atom where electrons are found. | Shells |
| How do electrons fill the shells of an atom? | Electrons occupy the shell closest to the nucleus first before filling outer shells. |
| The innermost shell of an atom, which can hold up to 2 electrons. | First Shell |
| How many electrons can the first (innermost) shell of an atom accommodate? | It can accommodate up to 2 electrons. |
| Shells in an atom beyond the first shell, which can hold up to 8 electrons each. | Outer Shells |
| How many electrons can all other shells (beyond the first) accommodate? | All other shells can accommodate up to 8 electrons each (note, this is only true for the first 20 elements in the periodic table). |
| The arrangement of electrons in the electron shells of an atom, which can be represented by diagrams or numerical notation. | Electronic Structure |
| How can the electronic structure of an atom be represented? | The electronic structure can be represented by diagrams or numerical notation. |
| A visual depiction of an atom's electronic structure, showing the arrangement of electrons in its electron shells. | Diagram Representation |
| How is the electronic structure of an atom depicted in a diagram? | It is depicted by showing the arrangement of electrons in the electron shells surrounding the nucleus. |
| A notation method using numbers to represent the distribution of electrons in an atom's electron shells. | Numerical Representation |
| How is the electronic structure of an atom represented numerically? | It is represented by using numbers to indicate the number of electrons in each electron shell. |
| Electron shells that have reached their maximum capacity of electrons. | Full Shells |
| What does it mean when electron shells are described as "full"? | It means that the shells have reached their maximum capacity of electrons, satisfying the octet rule. |
| A notation method using numbers to represent the electron configuration of an atom, where each number corresponds to the number of electrons in each shell. | Shell Notation |
| How is the electronic structure of an atom expressed using shell notation? | It is expressed by listing the number of electrons in each electron shell, typically separated by periods (full stops) or commas. |
| An atom of the element sodium, typically containing 11 electrons in its electron shells. | Sodium Atom |
| What is the electronic structure of a sodium atom represented as in shell notation? | It is represented as 2.8.1, indicating 2 electrons in the first shell, 8 electrons in the second shell, and 1 electron in the third shell. |
| A tabular arrangement of chemical elements, organized by their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties. | Periodic Table |
| How can the periodic table be used to predict electronic structure? | The period indicates the number of electron shells, while the group indicates the number of electrons in the outer shell. |
| A horizontal row in the periodic table, indicating the number of electron shells in an element's electronic structure. | Period |
| What does the period of an element in the periodic table represent? | It indicates the number of electron shells in the electronic structure of the element. |
| A vertical column in the periodic table, indicating the number of electrons in the outermost shell (valence electrons). | Group |
| What information does the group of an element in the periodic table provide? | It indicates the number of electrons in the outermost shell (valence electrons) of the element. |
| A chemical element with the symbol F and atomic number 9, typically found in group 7 of the periodic table. | Fluorine |
| What is the electronic structure of fluorine based on its position in the periodic table? | Fluorine, being in period 2 and group 7, has 2 electron shells and 7 electrons in its outer shell. |
| The outermost electron shell of an atom, containing the valence electrons responsible for chemical bonding. | Outer Shell |
| How many electrons are there in the outer shell of a fluorine atom based on its position in the periodic table? | Fluorine, being in group 7, has 7 electrons in its outer shell. |
| A vertical column in the periodic table, indicating elements with similar chemical properties and the same number of valence electrons. | Group |
| What is the significance of elements in the same group in the periodic table? | Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, leading to similar chemical properties. |
| Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom, responsible for the atom's chemical behavior and bonding properties. | Valence Electrons |
| How does the number of valence electrons relate to an element's group in the periodic table? | The number of valence electrons is equal to the group number for elements in the main groups of the periodic table. |
| Elements found in Group 7 of the periodic table, also known as the halogens, characterized by having 7 electrons in their outer shell. | Group 7 Elements |
| How many electrons do Group 7 elements have in their outer shell? | Group 7 elements have 7 electrons in their outer shell, corresponding to their group number. |
| Elements found in Group 0 of the periodic table, also known as the noble gases, characterized by having full outer electron shells. | Group 0 Elements |
| What distinguishes Group 0 elements from other groups in the periodic table? | Group 0 elements have full outer electron shells, unlike other groups where the number of valence electrons matches the group number. |
| Characteristics of a substance that describe how it reacts with other substances to form new compounds. | Chemical Properties |
| Why do elements in the same group exhibit similar chemical properties? | Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, leading to similar chemical behaviors and reactions. |
| Resemblance or likeness in characteristics or behaviors between different elements or substances. | Similarity in Properties |
| How does the similarity in properties arise among elements in the same group? | Similarity in properties arises because elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, influencing their chemical behavior. |
