| Transparent optical devices that refract light, causing it to converge or diverge, and are used to form images. | Lenses |
| How do lenses form images? | Lenses form images by refracting light. |
| The bending of light as it passes from one medium to another, such as from air to glass or vice versa. | Refraction |
| What happens to light when it hits a lens? | It changes direction due to refraction. |
| An image formed by the actual convergence of light rays, which can be projected onto a screen. | Real Image |
| What is a real image? | A real image is one that can be projected onto a screen. |
| An image formed by the apparent divergence of light rays, which appears to come from a location where light does not actually converge. | Virtual Image |
| What is a virtual image? | A virtual image is one that appears to come from somewhere else. |
| The organ of sight that detects light and sends signals to the brain for visual recognition. | Eye |
| Where are real images formed in the human body? | The images formed on the back of the eye are real images. |
| A reflective surface that forms virtual images by reflecting light rays. | Mirror |
| Where are virtual images formed in everyday objects? | Virtual images are formed in a mirror or a magnifying glass. |
| Transparent optical devices that refract light, causing it to converge or diverge, and are used to form images. | Lenses |
| What are the two different shapes of lenses? | Converging and diverging. |
| A lens that is thickest in the middle and curves outwards, causing parallel rays of light to converge to a point. | Converging Lens |
| What does a converging lens do to parallel rays of light? | Converging lenses bring parallel rays of light to a focus at a point called the principal focus. |
| The point where parallel rays of light converge or appear to converge after passing through a lens. | Principal Focus |
| What is the distance from a lens to its principal focus called? | The focal length. |
| The distance from a lens to its principal focus. | Focal Length |
| What determines the ability of a converging lens to form images? | The focal length and curvature of the lens. |
| An image formed by the actual convergence of light rays, which can be projected onto a screen. | Real Image |
| What type of images can converging lenses produce? | Converging lenses can produce both real and virtual images. |
| A lens that is narrowest in the middle and curves inwards, causing parallel rays of light to spread out. | Diverging Lens |
| What does a diverging lens do to parallel rays of light? | Diverging lenses spread parallel rays of light away from the principal focus. |
| An image formed by the apparent divergence of light rays, which appears to come from a location where light does not actually converge. | Virtual Image |
| What type of images can diverging lenses produce? | Diverging lenses can produce only virtual images. |
| The point from which diverging rays of light appear to originate after passing through a diverging lens. | Principal Focus (Diverging Lens) |
| Where does the principal focus of a diverging lens lie? | The principal focus of a diverging lens is where the rays of light appear to come from. |
| Diagrams that use lines to represent rays of light and show how images are formed by optical devices such as lenses and mirrors. | Ray Diagrams |
| What do ray diagrams depict? | Ray diagrams depict how images are formed by optical devices using lines to represent rays of light. |
| A symbol used to represent a converging lens in a ray diagram, typically resembling a convex lens. | Converging Lens Symbol |
| A symbol used to represent a diverging lens in a ray diagram, typically resembling a concave lens. | Diverging Lens Symbol |
| A lens that is thickest in the middle and curves outward, causing parallel rays of light to converge to a point after passing through the lens. | Converging Lens |
| What determines the type of image formed by a converging lens? | The distance between the lens and the object. |
| Diagrams that use lines to represent rays of light and show how images are formed by optical devices such as lenses and mirrors. | Ray Diagrams |
| What can ray diagrams illustrate for converging lenses? | Ray diagrams can illustrate how images are formed by converging lenses. |
| The point where parallel rays of light converge or appear to converge after passing through a lens. | Principal Focus |
| What does the first ray drawn in a ray diagram for a converging lens represent? | A ray parallel to the lens axis, which then passes through the principal focus on the opposite side of the lens. |
| The point on the lens through which light passes without being deviated from its original path. | Centre of the Lens |
| What does the second ray drawn in a ray diagram for a converging lens represent? | A ray that passes through the centre of the lens. |
| The process by which an image is formed by the interaction of light rays with an optical device such as a lens or a mirror. | Image Formation |
| Where is the image formed in a ray diagram for a converging lens? | The image is formed at the point where the two rays intersect after passing through the lens. |
| An image that is upside down relative to the object. | Inverted Image |
| How is the orientation of the image formed by a converging lens described? | The image formed by a converging lens is inverted, meaning it is upside down relative to the object. |
| An image formed by the actual convergence of light rays, which can be projected onto a screen. | Real Image |
| What type of image is formed by this converging lens diagram? | A real image, meaning it can be projected onto a screen. |
| A lens that is thinnest in the middle and curves inward, causing parallel rays of light to diverge after passing through the lens. | Diverging Lens |
| What can ray diagrams illustrate for diverging lenses? | Ray diagrams can illustrate how images are formed by diverging lenses. |
| Diagrams that use lines to represent rays of light and show how images are formed by optical devices such as lenses and mirrors. | Ray Diagrams |
| How is a ray diagram for a diverging lens different from that of a converging lens? | In a ray diagram for a diverging lens, the dotted line is used to show the path of the ray after passing through the lens. |
| The point from which diverging rays of light appear to originate after passing through a diverging lens. | Principal Focus (Diverging Lens) |
| What is the purpose of the dotted line in a ray diagram for a diverging lens? | The dotted line helps determine the path of the ray after passing through the lens, indicating where the ray would have converged if it hadn't diverged. |
| The point on the lens through which light passes without being deviated from its original path. | Centre of the Lens |
| What is the second ray drawn in a ray diagram for a diverging lens? | A ray that passes through the centre of the lens. |
| The process by which an image is formed by the interaction of light rays with an optical device such as a lens or a mirror. | Image Formation |
| Where is the image formed in a ray diagram for a diverging lens? | The image is formed at the point where the extended dotted line intersects with the second ray. |
| An image that is oriented in the same direction as the object. | Upright Image |
| How is the orientation of the image formed by a diverging lens described? | The image formed by a diverging lens is upright, meaning it is oriented in the same direction as the object. |
| An image formed by the apparent divergence of light rays, which appears to come from a location where light does not actually converge. | Virtual Image |
| What type of image is formed by a diverging lens? | A virtual image, meaning it appears to come from a location where light does not actually converge. |
| The ability of a lens to bend light rays, measured in diopters (D). | Lens Power |
| What does the power of a lens measure? | The ability of a lens to bend light rays. |
| The distance from the centre of a lens to the point where light rays converge or appear to converge after passing through the lens. | Focal Length |
| What does focal length depend on? | Focal length depends on the curvature and shape of the lens. |
| A relationship between two quantities in which one quantity decreases as the other quantity increases, and vice versa. | Inversely Proportional |
| How does lens power relate to focal length? | Lens power is inversely proportional to focal length. |
| A focal length that is relatively small, indicating a strong convergence of light rays. | Short Focal Length |
| What effect does a short focal length have on lens power? | A shorter focal length results in greater lens power. |
| The degree of bending or curvature of a surface. | Curvature |
| How does the curvature of a lens affect its focal length? | The more curved a lens is, the shorter its focal length. |
| A lens with a high degree of curvature and a short focal length, resulting in high lens power. | Strong Lens |
| What type of lens has a higher lens power? | A lens with a greater degree of curvature and a shorter focal length. |
| The unit of measurement for lens power, where one diopter equals the reciprocal of the focal length in meters. | Diopters (D) |
| How is lens power typically measured? | Lens power is measured in diopters (D). |
