| Uses visible light and lenses to magnify small objects for observation. | Light Microscope - Equipment |
| Epithelial cells from the inner cheek lining, easily collected for examination. | Cheek Cells - Equipment |
| Small stick for collecting biological samples like cheek cells. | Toothpick - Equpiment |
| Thin, transparent layers of onion cells for microscopic examination. | Onion Skin - Equipment |
| Surgical or laboratory tweezers to remove onion skin and handle the delicate cover slips. | Forceps - Equipment |
| Thin, flat pieces used to hold specimens for microscopic examination. | Glass Slides - Equipment |
| Lab chemical used to stain biological specimens for colour contrast. | Iodine - Equipment |
| Thin glass pieces covering specimens on slides for protection and flattening. | Cover Slips - Equipment |
| Peel off a layer of onion and remove its inner skin using forceps. | Onion Cells Slide Preparation - Step 1 |
| Place the thin layer flat onto a glass slide. | Onion Cells Slide Preparation - Step 2 |
| Add a drop of iodine solution on top of the sample to dye the cells and enhance visibility of structures. | Onion Cells Slide Preparation - Step 3 |
| Carefully lower a cover slip over the sample using forceps. (onion cells) | Onion Cells Slide Preparation - Step 4 |
| Add a drop of iodine solution to an empty glass slide. | Cheek Cells Slide Preparation - Step 1 |
| Gently scrape the inside of your cheek using the blunt end of a toothpick. | Cheek Cells Slide Preparation - Step 2 |
| Swirl the end of the toothpick in the drop of iodine to mix the cheek cells with the staining solution. | Cheek Cells Slide Preparation - Step 3 |
| Carefully lower a cover slip over the sample using forceps. (cheek cells) | Cheek Cells Slide Preparation - Step 4 |
| An instrument used to magnify small objects or organisms that are not visible to the naked eye. | Microscope |
| What instrument is used to observe cells? | A microscope. |
| A knob on a microscope used to move the stage up and down for focusing. | Coarse Adjustment Knob (Rough Focus) |
| What is the first step in observing cells under a microscope? | Start by placing the slide on the microscope stage and use the coarse adjustment knob to move the stage up and down. |
| The degree to which an object is enlarged under a microscope. | Magnification |
| What is the purpose of using different lenses with varying magnifications? | To observe cells at different levels of detail, depending on the magnification needed. |
| A knob on a microscope used to make small adjustments to the focus for clearer observation. | Fine Adjustment Knob (Fine Focus) |
| What is the purpose of the fine adjustment knob when observing cells under a microscope? | To bring the image into clear focus. |
| What should you do after observing the cells with the lowest magnification? | Swap to a lens with a higher magnification, if necessary, and use the fine adjustment knob to bring the cells back into focus. |
| A precise and accurate representation of an object or organism, typically done for scientific purposes. | Scientific Drawing |
| What is important to remember when sketching cells observed under a microscope? | To produce a scientific drawing without coloring or shading. |
| What should you do after sketching and labeling the cells? | Record the magnification used under your diagram. |
| A scale that fits into the eyepiece of a microscope, used for measuring the size of objects viewed under the microscope. | Eyepiece Graticule |
| What is an eyepiece graticule used for? | An eyepiece graticule is used for measuring the size of objects viewed under a microscope. |
| A slide with a scale etched across it, used for calibrating the eyepiece graticule and measuring the size of objects viewed under a microscope. | Stage Micrometer |
| What is a stage micrometer used for? | A stage micrometer is used for calibrating the eyepiece graticule and measuring the size of objects viewed under a microscope. |
| The process of adjusting or standardizing an instrument to ensure accurate measurements. | Calibration |
| Each segment or marking on a scale. | Division |
| What is the smallest division on a stage micrometer usually? | The smallest division on a stage micrometer is usually 100 μm. |
| The degree to which an object is enlarged under a microscope. | Magnification |
| How is the magnification of a microscope related to the calibration of the eyepiece graticule? | The stage micrometer is used to calibrate the eyepiece graticule at different magnifications. |
| The true size of an object, measured in physical units such as micrometers (μm). | Actual Size |
| What does knowing the calibration of the eyepiece graticule allow you to determine? | It allows you to determine the actual size of objects viewed under the microscope. |
| The process of determining the size, length, or amount of something. | Measurement |
| How do you calculate the actual size of an object using the eyepiece graticule? | Multiply the number of divisions on the eyepiece graticule by the calibration factor. |
| The measurement of the longest dimension of an object. | Length |
| How do you determine the length of a cell using the eyepiece graticule? | Multiply the number of divisions on the eyepiece graticule covering the length of the cell by the calibration factor to find the actual length of the cell. |
| The degree to which the size of an image is larger than the actual size of the object. | Magnification |
| What is magnification? | Magnification is how many times bigger the image of the cell is than the object. |
| The lens closest to the eye in a microscope, responsible for further magnifying the image formed by the objective lens. | Eyepiece Lens |
| What are the eyepiece lens and the objective lens labelled with? | They are each labelled with their own magnification. |
| The overall magnification of an image, calculated by multiplying the magnification of the eyepiece lens by the magnification of the objective lens. | Total Magnification |
| How is the total magnification of an image calculated? | The magnification of the eyepiece lens is multiplied by the magnification of the objective lens. |
| The size of the image of an object observed under a microscope or other magnifying device. | Image Size |
| How is magnification calculated when the image size and real size of an object are known? | The image size is divided by the real size of the object. |
| The actual size of an object, usually measured in physical units such as micrometers (μm). | Real Size |
| How can magnification be calculated using the real size of an object and the image size? | By dividing the image size by the real size of the object. |
