| difference between bonding of tertiary and quaternary structure | Teritiary- R groups of the same polypeptide chain
Quaternary- R groups of different polypeptide chains |
| are polar molecules hydrophilic or hydrophobic | hydrophilic |
| structure of collagen, why is it water resistant, and what bonds make it up | Primary, secondary and quaternary structure. 3 secondary structures twist together to form a triple helix. Every third amino acid is glycine (smallest amino acid) to make the structure tight. There is no tertiary structure so that collagen does not dissolve in water. Weak hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds. Staggered ends. |
| what type of structure do all proteins have | primary and secondary |
| Fibrous proteins | Primary and secondary structure only, no tertiary
insoluble in water
eg, keratin and collagen |
| globular proteins | Primary secondary and tertiary structure, some quaternary structure
soluble in water - carried in water
eg. Hemoglobin, enzymes, antibodies, insulin
most proteins are globular |
| Primary structure protein | Order/sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide |
| Tertiary structure | folded secondary structures in between R groups. Contains Weak hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, covalent bonds, disulphide (cysteine only), hydrophobic interactions, and hydrophilic interactions. can make proteins specific shapes |
| secondary structure protein | Alpha helix and Beta sheets held together by weak hydrogen bonds between the hydrogen of the carboxyl group and the oxygen of the amine group |
| quaternary structure | 2 or more polypeptide chains each having a tertiary structure bonded together |
| prosthetic group | extra thing added to protein to make it function better |
| where can disulsphide bridges form | in between two cysteines, which are the only amino acids that contain carbon |
| what causes globular proteins to be soluble | hydrophilic/polar |
| what type of bond is peptide bond | covalent bond |
| difference between bonding of tertiary and quaternary structure | Teritiary- R groups of the same polypeptide chain
Quaternary- R groups of different polypeptide chains |
| structure of collagen | Primary, secondary and quaternary structure. 3 secondary structures twist together to form a triple helix. Every third amino acid is glycine (smallest amino acid) to make the structure tight. |
| why is collagen water resistant | There is no tertiary structure so that collagen does not dissolve in water. |
| What do enzymes do that speed up rate of reaction | lower activation energy to form/break bond |
| Induced fit hypothesis | Active site can change shape a little to become a complementary fit |
