| What are tectonic plates? | Pieces of Oceanic Crust and Coninental crust that move. |
| What causes the movement of tectonic plates? | Mantle convection. |
| What phenomenas occur when tectonic plates move? | deformations (mountains and basins), volcanism, earthquakes |
| True or False: Tectonic plates transfer stresses over long distances. | True |
| True or False: Tectonic plates do not deform internally when transferring stresses. | True |
| True or False: Plates move dependently of each other. | False |
| True or False: Geological activity occur at plate boundaries. | True. |
| What is the structure of a continental or oceanic-continental plate? | young crust and craton. |
| What is the craton of a tectonic plate? | Craton is the plate's interior, made of old continental crust. (over 500million years old) |
| What is the young crust of a tectonic plate? | Young crust is the exterior of a plate, made of continental or oceanic-continental crust. |
| True or False: The craton only exists in continental or oceanic-continental plates. | True |
| What is the structure of oceanic plates? | Banded strips of rock from different ages, made from mafic rock like basalt. |
| True or False: Plate movement depends on density of the oceanic crust and the weakness of the mantle. | True |
| What are the types of plate boundaries? | Divergent, Convergent, Transform |
| What are divergent plate boundaries? | Boundaries that drift apart and form new oceanic crust andmid-ocean ridges (MOR) that have high volcanic activity. |
| How is new oceanic crust formed at divergent plate boundaries? | MORs form and a new oceanic crust is created along the axis of the MORs. |
| How do MORs record the direction of Earth's magnetic field? | When Lava erupts at a MOR and cools, the magnetic material align in the direction of the magnetic field -> creates symmetrical patterns along the MOR axis. |
| Is the Mid-Atlantic oceanic ridge a divergent or convergent plate boundary? | Divergent. |
| What landform is created at divergent plate boundaries? | Rift zones/valleys, ridges |
| What are convergent plate boundaries? | Plates boundaries that move towards each other, usually destructive. |
| What are the zones that are caused from convergent plate boundaries called? | Subduction zones |
| What are subduction zones? | Zones where dense oceanic crust submerges under less dense continental crust. Sometimes deep sea trenches are formed at subduction zones. -> zones of strong deformation, earthquakes, active faults and growth of mountains. |
| True or False: Subduction transports water into the upper mantle. | True |
| True or False: When water is transported into the upper mantle, it reduces the melting temperature of mafic rock and creates magma. | True.
Melted mafic rock is completely liquid, magma is almost solid and flows like a liquid -> cooler than liquid. |
| What are the types of convergent plate boundaries? [OO, CO, CC] | -Oceanic&Oceanic
-Contintental&Oceanic
-Continental&Continental |
| What happens when two oceanic plates converge? | -Creates aligned islands with volcanic arcs near the deep sea channel. |
| What happens when a Continental and Oceanic plate converge? | -Volcanic arcs and creation of mountain ranges. |
| What happens when two Continental plates converge? | -Mountain ranges are created due to strong compression of rocks. |
| What are transform plate boundaries? | Contact area when two tectonic plates slide horizontally against each other, also called conservative plate boundaries. |
| What are the types of transform plate boundaries? | Oceanic transformation disorder
Continental transformation disorder (not that common) |
| What happens at transform oceanic plate boundaries? | Oceanic Transform Faults (TF) that are perpendicular to MORs. |
| What happens at tranform continental plate boundaries? | Land faults. (example: San Adreas Fault, USA) |
| What is the supercontinent cycle theory of Alfred Wegner? | All continents are formed from a single supercontinent that went through a phase of continental separation, then eventually comes back together to create another supercontinent. |
| What is plate tectonics theory? | From the movement of the continents, we can explain magnetic bands on the ocean floor, distribution of earthquakes, and internal dynamics of the earth. |
| Which tectonic plate is Vietnam located in? | Eurasia plate. |
| What is the name of the Subduction zone Vietnam is located in? | Sunda-Sumatra-Adaman Subduction zone or Sundaland block. |
| Name 3 faults that are in Vietnam. | Red River Fault Zone
Dien Bien Phu Fault
Hau River Fault
Tam Ky - Phuoc Son Fault
Rao-Nay Fault |
| What kind of fault zone is the Sundaland block? Shear, Tension or Compression? | Shear zone |
| What event created the Sundaland Block? | When the India and Eurasia plates collided. |
| What kind of fault is the Red River Fault Zone? | Strike-slip fault |
| What natural resources are present in the basin created by the Red River Fault Zone? | Gas and oil |
