| To commence an action potential, the nerve axon must become permeable to | sodium and potassium |
| The neurotransmitter that stimulates muscle cells is | Acetylcholine |
| signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease | Tremor, bradykinesia, muscle rigidity |
| CSF fluid circulates within the | Ventricles of the brain |
| The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system causes | Increased HR, increased RR, increased BP, decreased digestion eg fight/flight |
| where to afferent pathways go? | to the brain |
| what part of the brain is responsible to controlling breathing | the brain stem |
| Multiple sclerosis is a disorder that causes what? | destruction of the myelin sheaths |
| what is neuropathy? | damage to or disease affecting nerve function |
| 2 divisions of the nervous system | CNS and PNS (peripheral nervous system) |
| 4 regions of the brain | cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon and brain stem |
| 4 parts of the cerebrum | frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital |
| 3 parts of the diencephalon | thalamus, hypothalamus and epithalamus (the trithalamus') |
| 3 parts of the brain stem | midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata |
| how many layers are in the meninges | 3, dura mater (outer), arachnoid mater (middle) and pia mater (inner) |
| 2 ANS subdivisions | sympathetic (fight or flight) and parasympathetic (relaxation) |
| what is encephalitis | inflammation of the brain tissue |
| meningitis is mainly caused by? | a bacteria |
| 2 types of stokes and what are they caused by | ischaemic (blocked artery) and hemorrhagic (bleed in brain) |
| what is a TIA | transient ischaemic attack |
| what is a seizure | is abnormal brain activity |
| what causes Parkinson's disease | low dopamine levels |
| what is ICP | increased intracranial pressure |
