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level: Level 1

Questions and Answers List

level questions: Level 1

Question	Answer
Mineral containing silicon & oxygen and usually one or more additional elements	Silicate
A rock formed or crystallized from a magma	Igneous
Parallel alignment of linear or platy minerals in a rock	Foliation
Rock with a regular order of atoms	Crystalline
Describes an igneous rock crystallized well below the earth’s surface; typically, coarse- grained	Plutonic
matter that has been deposited by some natural process	Sediment
mineral consisting of a single chemical element	native elements
rock that in its molten form (as magma) issues from volcanos; lava is what magma is called when it reaches the surface	Lava
molten rock in the earth's crust	Magma
subduction zone or continental collision zone	Convergent plate boundary
A convergent plate boundary at oceanic lithosphere is being pushed beneath another plate into the asthenosphere	Subduction zone
seafloor spreading ridges and continental rift zones	Divergent plate boundary
underwater mountain range, Magma spreading sea floor crating bands of normally & reversed Magnetic polarity	mid-ocean ridge
A fault between offset segments of a spreading ridge, along which 2 plates move horizontally in opposite directions (San Andreas Fault)	Transform fault
A fault with predominantly when plate horizontal displacement	Strike-slip fault
Chain of volcanic islands formed parallel to a subduction zone	Island arc
The solid, outermost zone of the earth, including the crust & a portion of the upper mantle	Lithosphere
Elements - Mineral - Rock	elements
Size, Distance to Sun, Nearby presence to Jupiter	Earth hospitality
exponential growth rate	7.8 Billion people on earth
118 elements Chemical Symbol	periodic table
Same Number on Periodic Chart	Atoms and Protons
Naturally occurring, inorganic solids composed of 1 ot more chemical elements bonded together	Minerals are:
Si & O silicon and Oxygen	2 most common elements
Newly discovered & Highly radioactive	Elements < 92
1) Chemical composition & 2) Crystal Structure	2 Fundamental Characteristics of any mineral
Hardness, color, cleavage, fizzing w/ acid, streak, density	Properties to identify most minerals
Silicates	Largest General Group of minerals
Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic	3 Main types of Rock
Fast cooling - Volcanic	Fine Igneous Rock
Slow cooling - Plutonic	Coarse Igneous Rock
Clastic , Chemical , Organic	Sedimentary rocks formed from
formed by heat and/or pressure	Metamorphic rock
Foliated and Non-foliated	2 Categories of Metamorphic Rock
1 or 2 letter code for an element	Chemical Symbols
6th	AZ size rank in US
16th	AZ population rank in US
Colorado River doesn't flow straight	AZ Border is not straight - why?
Basin & Range , Central Mtn Region, CO Plateau	3 Subdivisions of AZ
Boundary between Central Mtn Zone & CO Plateau	Mogollon Rim
Verde River	River 30 miles North of Prescott
Palo Verde is West of Phx	AZ Nuclear power plant
Salt, Little CO, Colorado, Verde, Gila, Bill Williams	6 Rivers in AZ
Cattle, Citrus, Cotton, Copper, Climate	5 C's of AZ State Seal
Federal or State Land / Public	Majority of AZ Land
40 miles NW of center of AZ	Prescott Location
3 Seismic Stations & where the circles cross = Epicenter	EQ Triangulation
Plate Boundary Subduction release / Faults	What causes EQs
Mercalli, Richter, Moment	EQ Size Scales
1- 12 Roman Numeral & Felt Reports	mercalli scale
Convergent	Plate boundary that has truly Large EQ
Body - P & S , Surface	Seismic Waves
Travel greater distances thru the earth's interior	Body Waves
HIllsides, Fires, Tsunamis	EQ Hazards
Location of next EQs	Seismic Gaps
Cascadia & Hayward	Next 2 most common US EQs
Foreschocks, Groundwater levels in wells, & Animal behavior	EQ Predictions?