| In regards to patients with neurological diseases:
The first priority is to identify the region of the __________ that is likely to be responsible for the symptoms. | Nervous system. |
| If an issue is in the periferal nervous system, could the disorder in question be located in _______ nerves and, if so, are ______ or ______ nerves primarily affected, or is a lesion in the muscle? | peripheral, motor, sensory |
| If iand issue is in the the CNS, is the ______ ______, _________, _________ or ______ ________ responsible? | cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, brainstem, cerebellum, or spinal cord |
| _________ matter involvement produces predominantly
"long tract" disorders of motor, sensory, visual, and
cerebellar pathways. | White. |
| ________ matter disorders may present as early cognitive
disturbances, movement disorders, or seizures. | Grey. |
| Symptoms that worsen after exposure to heat or exercise may indicate _______ _______ in demyelinated axons, as occurs in multiple sclerosis. | conduction block |
| A patient with recurrent symptoms associated with exercise or fatigue may have a disorder of _______ ________ such as myasthenia gravis. | neuromuscular transmission; is a process that permits the central nervous system to control the movement of muscles in the body. |
| During history taking, what are some vital pieces of information you need to learn from the patient, especially when it comes to trying to understand the origin/potential of an illness? (4, but one is a bonus, as it is often forgotten) | Family history, Medical illnesses and Drug use and abuse and
toxin exposure are essential aspects to cover. |
| True or False: During the interview, you should look for difficulties with
communication and determine whether the patient has recall, and insight into recent and past events. | True. This will help you determine how accureate the information your patients give is, as well as their mental faculties. |
| There are 6 things to do when doing a full neurological examination of a patient. What are they? | Mental State, Cranial Nerves, Motor, Sensory, Coordination, Gate |
| _________ diseases are the third most common cause of death in the
developed world after cancer and ischaemic heart disease,
and is the most common cause of severe physical disability. | Cerebrovascular |
| Acute _______ is characterised by the rapid
appearance (usually over minutes) of a focal deficit of brain function, most commonly a hemiplegia with or without signs of focal higher cerebral dysfunction (such as aphasia), hemisensory loss, visual field defect or brainstem deficit (vertigo). | Stroke |
| _____________ is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those of a stroke. It usually lasts only a few minutes and doesn't cause permanent damage. | Transient ischaemic attack (TIA) |
| What is fibrinogin and how is having too much of it increase your likelihood for strokes? | Fibrinogin is a protein used by the liver that helps control blood clots. Having a high amount of it increases blood clotting, including bloodclots in your brain, which causes strokes. |
| True or false: Social deprivation decreases your liklighood for cerebrovascular diseases. | False: Social Deprivation is the reduction or prevention of culturally normal interaction between an individual and the rest of society, which INCREASES your likelihood for cerebrovascular disease. |
| ________ _________usually results from rupture of a blood vessel within the brain parenchyma. | Intracerebral haemorrhage |
| What is parenchyma? | It refers to the cells that perform the biological function of the organ – such as lung cells that perform gas exchange, liver cells that clean blood, or brain cells that perform the functions of the brain |
| What is a haematoma? | A hematoma, also spelled haematoma, is a localized bleeding outside of blood vessels, due to either disease or trauma including injury or surgery and may involve blood continuing to seep from broken capillaries. Simple answer: bruises. |
| Can a haematoma be reabsorbed by the body? | Yes; for example, this is what happens when bruises heal (the body reabsorbs the subderma bleed that caused the discolouration). |
| True or false: Extremely low fibrinogen levels prevents intracerebral haemorrhage | False: Impaired blood clotting (Anticoagulant therapy,
Blood dyscrasia, Thrombolytic therapy) increases your likelihood of Intracerebral haemorrhage. |
| Reduced conscious level usually indicates a _______ volume lesion in the cerebral hemisphere but may result from a lesion in the ____ _____ or complications (e.g. systemic infection ). | large, brain stem |
| What is a neurodegenerative condition which affects the basal ganglia and which presents with differing combinations of slowness of movement (bradykinesia), increased tone (rigidity), tremor and loss of postural reflexes? | What is Parkinson’s disease |
| What is the typical eitiology of Parkinson's Disease? | Trick question. The eitiology of Parkinson's Diseases is currently unknown, and there is not yet any identified genetic components. |
