Translation

Occurs in cytoplasm on ribosomes. 2 ribosomal subunits small subunit binds to mRNA and large to tRNA also has enzyme to form peptide bonds. 3 steps. Initiation- AUG start codon recognised my methionyl-tRNA. 2- Elongation, ribosome incorporates amino acids into polypeptide chains, RNA decoded by tRNA and transcribes specific amino acids into chain. Transfer RNA tRNA is used as adaptor between an amino acid and mRNA codon. Translates tRNA sequences to codons that signify amino acids. tRNA binds to specific amino acids by aminoacyl-tRNA synthase. 3- Termination, ends with stop codon, UAA, UAG or UGA.