Seven time periods: - The field of nursing informatics exploded and became visible in the healthcare and nursing - The nursing profession needed to update its practice standards and determine its data standards, vocabularies, and classification schemes that could be used for the computer based patient record systems - Many mainframe healthcare information systems (HISs) emerged with nursing subsystems - These systems documented several aspects of the patient record - The microcomputer or personal computer (PC) emerged during this period - The first Nursing Special Interest Group on Computers met for the first time during SCAMC (Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care) – the ANA approved the formation of the Council on Computer Applications in Nursing (CCAN) – CCAN became a very powerful force in integrating computer applications into the nursing profession – The first edition of this book published