Question:
What are the biomarkers used in dx of pheochromocytoma?
Author: H KAnswer:
Vanylmandelic acid (VMA): low sensitivity but highly specific, normal <8, between 8-11 sus, >11 high) Metanephrines (urinary and plasma) (Highly sensitive and specific, pt fastest on certain food before the test, first line test is urinary metanephrines) Catecholamines (urinary and plasma, very specific and sensitive, normal <400, sus btw 400 and 2000, >2000 high) Chromogranin A (CGA, granules of catecholamines, sensitive not specific in presence of renal failure and PPI) Pharmacological test (doubtful stimulation by glucagon and inhibition by clonidine)
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