What are errors that can be made in the DNA? what are the results of these errors? what is their repair mechanism?

- replication errors > base mismatch and bulges > mismatch repair (MMR) - ROS > single strand breaks (SSB) > base excision repair (BER) - oxidation, alkylation, hydrolysis > single base damage > base excision repair - ionizing radiation > double strand breaks (DSB) > non homologous endjoining (NHEJ) and homology directed repair (HDR) - chemotherapeutics > interstrand crosslinks > non homologous endjoining (NHEJ), homology directed repair (HDR) and nucleotide excision repair (NER) - UV light, radicals > intrastrand crosslinks and bulky adducts > nucleotide excision repair (NER)