How is immune regulation in T1DM?

Autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), GAD65 (GADA - glutamic acid decarboxylase), IA-2A These may present several years after hyperglycemia, and pt w/positive beta cell autoantibodies have varying degrees of beta cell dysfunction Presence of the three antibodies together increases risk more than 1 of them alone, and they are important to differential classification of diabetes in adults (Type 1 or 2) (mainly GAD) First antibody made is IAA Associated w/other disorders (hashimoto, celiac, addison's, pernicious anemia, Addison's, ovarian failure, MG) ABO incompatibility and hyperbilirubinemia are associated w/increased risk of T1DM