Question:
What are secondary causes of HTN?
Author: H KAnswer:
Renal (parenchymal diseases most common cause, 80% chronic renal failure pt, proteinuria >1000 active urine sediment indicate renal disease. Renovascular HTN [occlusive artery curable form of HTN, activated RAAS, at risk pt atherosclerotic and fibromuscular dysplasia, seen by contrast arteriography occluded >70% significant]) Endocrine (primary aldosteronism [curable HTN, sodium retention, HTN, hypokalemia, low plasma renin acitivity, refractory HTN. hypokalemic HTN due to seconday aldosteronims, PA/PRA useful, adrenal CT useful, scintigraphy last option] Cushing's [related to mineralocorticoid receptors by cortisol increase] Pheochromocytoma) Miscellaneous causes (OSA , coarctation of aorta [most common congenital cause, diminished femoral pulse , therapy surgery/balloon angioplasty], thyroid disease and acromegaly, hyperPTH
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H K