How is demonstration of grave's disease?

The pathogenicity of anti-TSH R autoantibodies is demonstrated by the occurrence of neonatal Graves’ disease after passive transplacental transfer of IgG thyroid-stimulating autoantibodies from a mother with Graves’ disease to the fetus The autoimmune process underlying this disorder is thought to be provoked by helper T cells that react with thyroid antigens, although the mechanism is not completely understood. ➢ Once activated, the self-reactive T cells stimulate B cells to secrete antibodies against several target antigens, including thyroglobulin ➢ Graves’ disease is associated statistically with a group of autoimmune diseases including pernicious anemia, vitiligo, alopecia, angioedema, myasthenia gravis, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. ➢ A weak association is probably present with rheumatoid arthritis and SLE.