ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY MUSCULAR GENERAL
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116 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| What are the 7 functions of the muscular system? | MOVEMENT OF BODY MAINTENANCE OF POSTURE PRODUCTION OF BODY HEAT RESPIRATION COMMUNICATION CONSTRICTION OF ORGANS AND VESSELS CONTRACTION OF THE HEART |
| What is the ability of the muscle to shorten with force? | CONTRACTIBILITY |
| What is a connective tissue sheath that surrounds a skeletal muscle? | EPIMYSIUM/MUSCULAR FASCIA |
| What is a numerous visible bundles that make up the muscle? | MUSCLE FASCICULI |
| What is a highly organized smooth E.R.; has a relatively high concentration of Ca2+ (muscle contraction)? | SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM |
| What is the cytoplasm of a muscle fiber? | SARCOPLASM |
| What is a thin filament (purple)? | ACTIN MYOFILAMENTS |
| What is a thick filament (green)? | MYOSIN MYOFILAMENTS |
| What is the binding sites for Ca2+; attached at specific intervals along the actin myofilaments? | TROPONIN MOLECULES |
| What covers the attachment sites on the actin myofilaments; located along the grove bet. the twisted strands of actin myofilaments? | TROPOMYOSIN FILAMENTS |
| What resembles a golf club heads? can bind to attachment sites bend and straighten breakdown ATP | MYOSIN HEADS |
| Cell membranes have a negative charge on the inside relative to a positive charge outside; occurs because there is an uneven distribution of ions. | RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL |
| What are the two types of ion channels? | NONGATED/LEAK CHANNELS (ALWAYS OPEN) CHEMICALLY GATED CHANNELS |
| Resulting periodic spontaneous contraction of smooth muscle | AUTORHYTHMICITY |
| Broad, sheet like tendons | APONEUROSIS |
| Raises the eyebrows | OCCIPITOFRONTALIS |
| Encircles the mouth | ORBICULARIS ORIS |
| Sneering; elevates one side of the upper lip | LEVATOR LABILE SUPERIORIS |
| Frowning & pouting; depresses the corner of the mouth | DEPRESSOR ANGULI ORIS |
| Fan-shaped muscle | TEMPORALIS |
| Located within the tongue and change its shape | INTRINSIC MUSCLES |
| Attached to and move the tongue | EXTRINSIC MUSCLES |
| Hold the hyoid bone; elevate the larynx | HYOID MUSCLES |
| Elevate the pharynx | PHARYNGEAL ELEVATORS |
| Constrict the pharynx from superior to inferior (forcing food into the esophagus); also open the auditory tube | PHARYNGEAL CONTRICTORS |
| Prime mover of the lateral muscle group; rotates the head; flexes the neck or extends the head; prayer muscle | STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID |
| Wryneck; injury to the sternocleidomastoid | TORTICOLLIS |
| Flexes/extends head and neck | DEEP NECK MUSCLES |
| Extends and laterally flexes neck | TRAPEZIUS |
| Responsible for several movements of the vertebral column | DEEP BACK MUSCLES |
| Elevate the ribs during inspiration | EXTERNAL INTERCOASTAL |
| Contract during forced expiration, depressing the ribs | INTERNAL INTEROCASTAL |
| Inspiration and rib elevation | SCALENES |
| Located on each side of the linea alba | RECTUS ABDOMINIS |
| Causes the abdominal wall of a lean, well-muscled person to appear segmented | TENDINOUS INTERSECTIONS |
| Flex and rotate the vertebral column or compress the abdominal contents | EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ABDOMINAL OBLIQUE AND TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS |
| Pelvic diaphragm | PELVIC FLOOR |
| Muscle that forms the pelvic floor | LEVATOR ANI |
| Constricts the urethra; erects the penis, clitoris | PERINEUM BULBOSPONGIOSUS |
| Compresses the base of penis/clitoris | PERINEUM ISCHIOCAVERNOSUS |
| Keeps the orifice of the anal canal closed | PERINEUM EXTERNAL AND SPINCTER |
| Swimmer’s muscle; medially rotates and adducts the arm and powerfully extends the shoulder | LATISSIMUS DORSI |
| Attached the humerus to the scapula and forms a cuff/cap over the proximal humerus | ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLES |
| Primary extensor of the elbow | TRICEPS BRACHII |
| Primary flexors of the elbow | BICEPS BRACHII AND BRACHIALIS |
| Posterior forearm muscle; helps flex the elbow | Brachioradialis |
| Flex the wrist | FLEXOR CARPI |
| Extend the wrist | EXTENSOR CARPI |
| Flexor of the digits/fingers | FLEXOR DIGITORUM |
| Extension of the fingers | EXTENSOR DIGITORUM |
| 19 muscles located within the hand | INSTRINSIC HAND MUSCLES |
| Inflammation and pain due to forceful, repeated contraction of the wrist extensor muscles | TENNIS ELBOW |
| Tightens palm skin | PALMUS LONGUS |
| Flexes the hip | ILIOPSOAS |
| Helps steady the femur on the tibi when a person is standing | TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE |