Basics in Building Construction I
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Basics in Building Construction I - Leaderboard
Basics in Building Construction I - Details
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43 questions
| 🇬🇧 | 🇬🇧 |
| Name 5 building elements | Ceiling, Beam, column, support, wall |
| Name 3 forces | Tension, compression, bending |
| There are 16 construction tasks (building types). Name 5 of them. | -Cultural buildings -Residential -Sport and play -Buildings for public safety -Healthcare -Industrial -Administraion -Gastronomy and entertainment -Hydraulic engineering buildings -Supply and waste -Accommodation buildings -Sacral -Traffic structures -Edducation buildings -Buildings for commerce |
| Define the steps of building construction (4 steps) | From Sketch to building -> Designing -> Engineering -> Fabrication |
| Define the scaling of building construction | From individual to the whole -> Transformation of materials -> Joining of individual parts -> Erection of structure |
| What are the 5 tasks of a building | Health, sceiruty and protection, Accoustic comfort, Thermal comfort, Visual comfort |
| What are the 4 systems of a building | Physical, Structural, Enclosure, Mechanical |
| What elements are the physical system composed of | Perceptual and conceptual ordering of a building |
| What elements are the structural system composed of (4 elements) | -Support and transmit of gravity and loads -Superstructure -Columns, beams, load bearing walls -Substructure |
| What elements are the enclosure system composed of (3 elements) | -The shell or envelope -Roof and exterior walls -Doors and windows and interior walls |
| What elements are the mechanical system composed of (7 elements) | -Water supply -Sewage disposal -HVAC -Electrical system -Vertical transportation -Fire fighting -Waste disposal and recycling |
| Name 5 loads and stresses on buildings and building parts (7) | -Thermal stress -Impact loads -Settlement loads -Vertical static loads -Occupancy loads -Horizontal ground loads -Wind, rain, snow loads |
| What conditions influence the forces in buildings (4) | Weight of building, usage, properties of the building substance, location and surroundings |
| Define equilibrium | State of balance resulting from the equal action of opposing forces. When a structural element is loaded, its supporting elements must react with equal but opposite forces |
| Name 7 types of forces | Extrernal, Internal, Sectional, Active, Reactive, Resistant, Gravity |
| Name 3 construction elements | Soild (Solid walls) , cross wall (parallel walls), filigree or skeleton (only columns) |
| What are the 3 systems in filigree constructions | Primary (load bearing columns and beams), Secondary I (envelope), Secondary II (fillings and accessories) |
| What are the 2 support types for columns | Pinned and fixed |
| What are the 4 variations of beams | -Haunched beam with changing height -Trussed beam (single or triple underspanned beam) -Continuous beams -Cantilever beams |
| What are the 2 ways to connect joints | -Pinned (round connection) -Fixed (triangle connection) |
| Name 7 frame variations | -2 pinned -3 pinned -Underspanned arch -3 pinned -Assymetrical -Central fixed -Trussed |
| What is the design process of buildings (8 steps) | Concept design -> Preliminary design and drawings -> Client and statutory approvals -> Technical drawings -> Tender documents -> Appointment of contractors -> Construction -> completion |
| Explain the concept of sustainable buildings | -High performance -High efficiency of water, energy-use -Reduce waste, pollution and environmental degradation -Protect occupant health, improve human productivity -Reduce overall impact on the environment |
| What are the 5 key factors of the traditional design process | -Development is a linear process -Isolated project disciplines -Infrequent involvement of stakeholders -Preliminary planning -High risk |
| What are the 5 key factors of the Integrated design process | -Developement is an interative process =Integrated project disciplines -Continuous involvement of stakeholders -Accurate planning -Reduced risk |
| What are some sustainable building materials | Rubber, bamboo, clay, timber |
| What is warmcell insulation? | Insulation made of natural cellulose fibre base (recycled newspaper that has been shredded, milled and mixed with mineral additives) that is installed between battens, roofs for a warm loft space. |
| What are 6 concrete frame structures? | Columns, beams, slabs, Foundations, shear walls, Elelevator shaft |
| What are the steps for project development | -Realizing the need -Determining technical and financial feasibility -Preparing detail plans, specification, cost estimates -Obtaining approval |
| What are the steps in construction contracting process | -Bid requirement -Bid preparation -Bid submission -Contract award -Contract administration |
| What is the job of the foundation? | Transfer the horizontal and vertical loads on the superstructure onto the ground. |
| What 2 categories can loads be divided into | Static Dynamic (sudden, rapid, changes in magnitude and point of application) |
| What are the 4 general requirements for a satisfactory foundation | -Limit settlement of surrounding soil -Keep surroundings dry and maintain comfortable temperature -Not imposing new loads or altering the ground -Feasable to construct |
| What is concrete and its properties | It is rock-like material produced by mixing coarse aggregates (gravel or crushed stone) and fine aggregates (e.g. sand), portland cement, and water. After curing, water evaporates and it shrinks slightly. -Large compressive strength, little tension strength -> reinforcement with high tensile strength needed |
| What are the costs associated with concrete construction | -Formwork costs: labor, equipment, and materials (may make up to 60% total cost) -Reinforcing steel and its placement -Concrete materials, equipment, and labor for placing, curing, and finishing the concrete |
| Classify concrete into 3 types according to strength | Normal (20MPa to 35 MPa), High performance (55MPa), Ultra-high perofrmance (120MPa and above) |
| What is a slurry? | Slurry is freshly mixed concrete that is a semistable mixture od solids suspended in liquid |
| What is formwork used for and made out of | Used to shape concrete, made of braced wood panels, metal, or plastic |
| What is the theory of reinforced concrete | Theory of reinforced concrete: the reinforcing steel will be located at tensile (stretching) regions in a structural member, and the concrete at the compression |
| Why are hooks used when making the steel frame for reinforced concrete | -Prevent buckling -Prevent bond failure -Resist seismic movement -Prevent outward splitting or steel slippage -Keep steel bars in position |
| Describe the process of pre-stressing reinforced concrete | 1. The steel strands are stretched across casting bed 2. Concrete is cast around the strands and bonds 3. When the strand is cut, the concrete is compressed inwards and takes on a camber (wide U shape) |
| Describe the process of post-stressing reinforced concrete | 1. Concrete is cast around the strand but not allowed to bond during curing 2. After concrete is cured, the strands are tnsioned and anchored to the ends of the beam |