• It is because it's state how it a program will measure its achievements and therefore provide accountability if document consensus and provide transparency • it also guides the implementation of monitoring and evaluation activities in standardized and coordinated way and lastly it also preserves institutional memory

M&E PLAN COMPONENTS

1. The introduction 2. Description and frameworks 3. indicators 4. data sources 5. monitoring plan 6. evaluation plan 7. informartion dissimination and use 8. implementation and mechanism for update

- It's also should include a development history that provides information about the motivations of the internal and external stakeholders and the extent of their interest commitment and participation (COMPONENTS)

INTRODUCTION

Factors under DESCRIPTION AND FRAMEWORKS (COMPONENT)

A. PROBLEM STATEMENT B. THE PROGRAM GOAL AND OBJECTIVES C. SHORT DESCRIPTIONS OF THE SPECIFIC INTERVENTIONS D. THE LIST OF SOURCES NEEDED E. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK F. logical framework

WHAT IS PROBLEM STATEMENT?

Identifies the specific problem to be addressed this concise statement provides information about the situation that needs changing who it affects its causes its magnitude and its impact on society

What is the difference between goal and objectives?

Goal is a broad statement about a desired long-term outcome of the program WHILE objectives are a statement of desired specific and measurable program results

Smart stands for ?

Specific, measurable, appropriate, realistic, and timely.

SHORT DESCRIPTIONS OF THE SPECIFIC INTERVENTIONS IS?

Duration geographic scope and target population

THE LIST OF SOURCES NEEDED IS?

Including financial human and those related to the infrastructure AND includes the conceptual framework and the logical framework

- is a graphical depiction of the factors thought to influence the problem of interest and how these factors relate to each other

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Are clues signs or markers that measure one aspect of a program, they are used to provide benchmarks for demonstrating the achievements of a program

Monitoring and evaluation plans INDICATORS

This are sources of information used to collect the data needed to calculate the indicators.

DATA SOURCES

Data collection plan should include?

Diagrams depicting the SYSTEM use for data collection processing analysis and reporting, the strength of these systems determines the validity of the information obtained

Describes specific program components that will be monitored

Monitoring plan

It provides specific research design and methodology call approaches to be used to identify whether changes in outcomes can be attributed to the program

Evaluation plan

TRUE OR FALSE: dissemination channels can include written reports press releases and stories in the mass media and speaking events

TRUE

How the information gathered will be stored

NFORMATION DISSEMINATION AND USE

• Mechanism for reviewing and updating the monitoring and evaluation plan should also be included this is because changes in the program can and will affect the original plants for both monitoring and evaluation

IMPLEMENTATION AND MECHANISM FOR UPDATE

What are the standards for a monitoring and evaluation plans?

1. first it should serve the information needs of the intended users in practical ways 2. Second it should convey technically accurate information and should be realistic prudent diplomatic and frugal 3. And lastly the activities described in monitoring and evaluation plans should be conducted legally ethically and regards to those involved and affected by them

-key elements of monitoring and evaluation plans that depict the components of a project and the sequence of steps needed to achieve the desired outcomes

M&E FRAMEWORKS

• it defines the relationship between factors key to implementation and delineate the internal and external elements that could affect its success so it is very crucial these are very crucial frameworks for understanding and analyzing how a program is supposed to work

M&E FRAMEWORKS

TRUE OR FALSE: there is no perfect framework and no single framework is appropriate for all situations

TRUE

WHAT ARE THE M&E FRAMEWORKS?

1. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 2. RESULT FRAMEWORK 3. LOGIC MODEL

• It is sometimes called a research framework and is useful for identifying and illustrating the factors and relationships that influence the outcome of a program or intervention • Conceptual frameworks are typically shown as diagrams illustrating the linkages between the components of a program and the outcomes of interest

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

It is sometimes called study strategic frameworks or it is a diagram that direct causal relationships between the incremental results of the key activities

RESULT FRAMEWORK

Include an overall goal as the strategic objective and intermediate results.

Results framework

LOGIC MODEL five essential components :

INPUT- resources invested in a program PROCESSES- activities carried out to achieve the programs objectives after processes OUTPUTS- the immediate results achieved at the program OUTCOMES- the set of short-term or intermediate results IMPACT- is the long-term effects of the program

-is a variable that measures one aspect of a program that is directly related to the program's objectives -is also measurement it measures the value of the change in meaningful units that can be compared to past and future units this is usually expressed as a percentage or a number -focuses on a single aspect of a program this aspect may be an input and output or an overarching objective

INDICATOR

2 TYPES OF INDICATOR:

• QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS are numeric and are presented as numbers or percentage • QUALITATIVE INDICATOR -descriptive observations and can be used to supplement the numbers and percentage

WHY ARE INDICATORS IMPORTANT?

Measure the specific resources that go into carrying out a project or program for example amount of funds allocated to the health sector annually • secondly indicators of outputs measure the immediate results obtained by the program • indicators of outcomes measure whether the outcome change in the desired direction and whether this change signifiers program success

CHALLENGES TO SELECTING INDICATORS:

1. choosing indicator that the program activities cannot affect 2. CHOOSING AN INDICATOR THAT IS TOO VAGUE 3. SELECTING AN INDICATOR THAT RELIES ON UNAVAILABLE DATA

Is the overall utility of a data set

DATA QUALITY

-systems are essential to track progress toward health objectives such as the united nations sustainable development goals and to support evidence-based decision-making

DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT TOOLS

Data quality assessments will focus on one or more dimensions of data quality such as:

Accuracy, completeness, reliability, timeliness, confidentiality, precision and integrity.

Is used for the monitoring of program coverage indicators based on a stratified simple random sample of a small number of geographical units per stratum also called a LOT - suitable for frequently conducted monitoring service on program coverage and other performance indicators in settings that do not require a high level of statistical precision

LOT QUALITY ASSURANCE SAMPLING

THE LOT QUALITY ASSESSMENT (LQAS) MEANS?

• Service that employs LQAS can be used to provide data on health behaviors and health outcomes at the household level this data can then be compared to service-related and other data, so this day that can be also assessed at both provincial and sub-provincial such as in district levels

Is the second version of the data quality audit tool initially developed for the HIV tuberculosis and malaria program is safe to which has been made more flexible and for self-use • it is designed to verify the quality of the data as the system that produces that data and develop action plans to improve both

THE ROUTINE DATA QUALITY ASSESSMENT TOOL (RDQA)

-plan is a project management tool that illustrates how a project is expected to progress at a high level this implementation plan document identifies goals and objectives both short and long-term list

DEVELOPMENT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

Key components that drive a successful implementation plan:

1. define goals or objectives what do you want to accomplish the scope of these goals will depend on the size of your undertaking 2. schedule milestone while tax deadlines and project timelines will be formally set in the execution plan 3. allocate resources one of the core purposes of an implementation plan is to ensure that you have adequate resources such as time money and personnel to successfully execute 4.designate team member responsibilities to assign roles this doesn't necessarily mean you must define who will execute each individual task but we should create a general theme plan with overall roles 5. evaluate success in addition to defining your metrics for success decide how often you will evaluate your progress such as a monthly or quarterly review

-these are the processes and technologies for identifying understanding and correcting flaws and data that support effective information governance across operational business processes and decision making

DATA QUALITY TOOLS

Critical functions such as for profiling parsing, standardization, cleansing matching enrichment, and monitoring.

DATA QUALITY TOOLS

How data quality tools are used to address problems in data quality:

1. PARSING AND STANDARDIZATION 2. GENERALIZE CLEANSING 3. MATCHING 4. PROFILLING 5. MONITORING 6. ENRICHMENT

- it is defined as a factor that causes a nonconformance and should be permanently eliminated through process improvement - is the core issue the highest-level cost that sets in motion the entire cause-and-effect reaction that ultimately leads to the problem

ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS

The 5 whys analysis

1. the failure mode and effects analysis 2. PARETO ANALYSIS 3. FAULT TREE ANALYSIS 4. CURRENT REALITY 5. FISHBONE 6. KEEPNER-TREGOE TECHNIQUE 7.RPR DIAGNOSIS

It is a technique in to find various foods for failures within a system

The failure mode and effects analysis

Named after and told pareto this tool is also a philosophy that was the subject of a book called the 80/20 principle the secret to achieving more with less o the pareto analysis is used to organize a large number of a non-conformities and prioritize the quality problems based on the frequency of occurrence o the pareto chart presents each challenge in descending order from the highest rate to the lowest frequency.

Pareto analysis

It is to help identify potential causes of system failures before the failures occur it can also be used to evaluate the probability of the top event using analytical or statistical methods the calculation involves system quantitative

Fault tree analysis

It is constructed by listing specific observed problems in or connected to a process and developing a chain of causes and effects that link the problems to potential sources

Current reality tree

Also called an easy cow a diagram to visually map the cause and effect this can help identify possible causes for a problem by encouraging us to follow categorical branch paths to potential causes

Fishbone diagram

It is a decision making that is Structured methodology for gathering information and prioritizing and evaluating

Kepner-Tregoe tool

RPR problem diagnosis

RPR’S stands for rapid problem resolution and it deals with diagnosing the causes of recurrent problems this process has three phases discover, investigate. and fix a. discover is when the team members gather data and analyze their findings b. investigate is a diagnostic plan that is created and the root cause is identified through careful analysis of the diagnostic data c. and the last one is fix, the problem is affixed and monitored to ensure that the proper root cause was identified