| Lateral, Medial | Label the medial and lateral Menisci. |
| A twisting movement (outside of normal rotation) while the foot is weight bearing and anchored to the ground. | What kind of movement might cause injury to the menisci? |
| False. This cruciate ligament is needed for walking backwards, however, it is needed for steping downward, in a foreward motion. | True or False. The PCL is the main cruciate ligament used to help you walk foreward. |
| True, the _CL is the main cruciate ligament in helping you walk forewards. | True or False. The ACL is the main cruciate ligament used to help you walk foreward |
| Tenderness along joint line and possible swelling | In a menisci and/or cruciate ligament injury, what are the clinical manifestations you might find during palpation? |
| Grade 3 or total rupture of ACL: unable to continue activity, may report popping feeling at time of injury | What are some symptoms of a totally ruptured, grade 3 ACL injury? |
| The areas are the sacroilliac joint, the patella and the ankle. | What 3 areas must be mobilized for an ACL injury? |
| Rest, ice, compression, and elevation. | What does RICE stand for? |
| Introducing cross fibre frictions (massage), and fascial release as appropriate (gentile, sustained pressure to the connecting fibres)
Bonus: contrast hydrotherapy, if available. | A cruciate ligament injury demands working of the SI, patella and ankle. What else might one add to in-clinic treatment? |
| No. This is used mainly in chronic menisci and PCL/ACL injuries, as well as some LATE-SUB acute injuries. | Typically, should cross-fibre frictions (massage) be used BEFORE late-subacute status on a Menisci or Cruciate Ligament injury? When should it be used? |
| FALSE. If someone is using crutches, you should also treat their shoulder girdle, neck and arms, as well as their injured areas (and corresponding structures). This is to alleviate the stress it causes on these upper areas, and prevent injury, as they are now carrying weight they are not meant to. Insurance has nothing to do with it. | True or False: if someone is using crutches due to a lower-limb injury, and they are an insurance patient, you do not treat their shoulder girdle, neck and arms. |
| ___________; the complete dissociation of the articulating
surfaces of a joint. | Define Dislocation. |
| ____________; trauma related sudden twist or wrench of the joint beyond its normal range of motion | What causes dislocations? |
| The joint is the weak link in a closed kinetic chain; falling on an outstretched hand; is this a direct or indirect dislocation cause? | In indirect dislocation, why does the injury happen? |
| Pathological: rheumatoid artheritis, paralysis/neuromuscular issues.
Previous Dislocations, deformity, ligamentous laxity (loose muscles/muscle weakness). | What are some factors in the patient's history that might suggest they have a higher likelihood for dislocation? |
| A fracture that is caused when a ligament, that attatches to a bone, breaks off a part of the bone, instead of separating from the bone, at the time of injury. | What is an avulsion fracture? |
| Extreme, sickening pain (nearly a solid "10"), heard a snapping/popping sound, joint appears deformed (due to rupture of joint capsule/ligaments), heat present, possible hematoma ( RED, black and blue bruising due to some bleeding under skin, sometimes in the joint capsule). | How might a patient describe a dislocation, when they experienced it? Both in feeling and appearance (Acute)? |
| True. You can do this a number of ways: light massage, movement, compression, protection (splints, etc). How hard you push your patient in these techniques, however, varies by severity. | True or False: Regardless of the stage of the dislocation, you should always try to prevent/lessen edema. |
| False. In many injuries, these spasms are actually not "jolts," but, in fact, displayed in muscle stiffness. This is the body's way of preventing movement that will cause greater damage. Acute must not have this removed, but subacute, onward, requires different levels of necessity when challenging these spasms. (Ratio of severity : how much the injury should be moved) | True or False: Muscle spasms are only defined by "jolts" of movement. |
| ___________; A break in the continuity of the bone. | Define "Fracture": |
